Food Engineering / Gıda Mühendisliği
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/12
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Research Project Biyoaktif maddelerin kontrollu salımı için kompozit veya karışımlardan oluşan aktif yenilebilir gıda ambalaj malzemeleri geliştirilmesi(2011) Yemenicioğlu, Ahmet; Atabay, Halil İbrahim; Uysal, İlke; Aydemir, Levent Yurdaer; Arcan, İskender; Korel, Figen; Boyacı, DeryaBu projede biyoaktif maddelerin kontrollü salımını gerçekleştirebilecek yenilebilir film ve kaplamalar geliştirmek amacıyla zein ve peyniraltı suyu proteinleri (PSP) temelli karışım ve kompozit yapılardan faydalanılmıştır. Zeinden elde edilen karışım filmler zeinin oleik, laurik ve linoleik asit gibi yağ asitleri ile karıştırılmasıyla, kompozit filmler ise karnauba, kandelilla ve balmumu gibi mumlar, mercimek veya soya globülin proteinleri veya mikrokristal selülozla karıştırılmasıyla elde edilmiştir. PSP‘den elde edilen karışımlar bu proteinlerin oleik asitle, kompozitler ise balmumu ve kandelilla mumuyla karıştırılmasıyla elde edilmiştir. Zein temelli filmlere ilave edilen biyoaktif maddeler kısmi saf ve saf lisozim, kateşin, gallik asit, phidroksibenzoik asit, ferulik asit, kuversetin ve flavon, PSP temelli filmlere ilave edilen biyoaktif maddeler ise saf ve kısmi saf lisozim ve kateşindir. Gösterdikleri kontrollu salım etkileri, antimikrobiyel ve antioksidant performanslar ve mekaniki özellikler dikkate alındığında en uygulanabilir filmlerin lisozimin kateşin ve/veya gallik asitle birlikte kullanıldığı zein-oleik asit karışımları ve zein-karnauba mumu kompozitleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıntılı salım deneyleri zein karışım ve kompozitlerinde lisozim, kateşin ve kateşin-gallik asit karışımlarının salım hızının çoğunlukla filmlerin çapraz bağlanma düzeyini artıran fenolik bileşik konsantrasyonuyla ters ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Karışım ve kompozitleri oluşturan mum, yağ asiti ve fenolik madde tipi de filmlerin morfolojisini, hidrofobisitesini ve dolambaçlı difüzyon yolu (tortuosity) gibi özelliklerini değiştirerek salım özelliklerini etkileyebilmektedir. Zein‘den elde edilmiş fenolik bileşikler veya lisozim ve fenolik bileşikleri birarada içeren karışım ve kompozit filmlerin antimikrobiyel testleri bu filmlerin gıdalardaki en kritik patojen bakterilerden olan Escherchia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes ve Campylobacter jejuni‘ye karşı laboratuvar ortamlarında ve/veya seçilmiş et ve süt ürünlerinde antimikrobiyel ve antioksidant etki gösterdiğini doğrulamıştır.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 4Bacteria: Arcobacter(Elsevier, 2014) Atabay, Halil İbrahim; Corry, Janet E.L.; Ceylan, ÇağatayThe genus Arcobacter currently comprises many phenotypically different species isolated from diverse niches. Although some Arcobacter spp. (particularly, Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter skirrowii, and Arcobacter cryaerophilus) are associated with various diseases in humans and animals, their exact epidemiological and pathological role is not completely understood, and few cases of human infection are reported. The primary mode of Arcobacter transmission is thought to occur via contaminated water and food and contact with pets. As some species are difficult to cultivate and all are difficult to identify using conventional biochemical tests, nucleic acid-based techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR are increasingly used for their simultaneous detection, identification, and quantification. Their tendency to be resistant to antibiotics, and their ability to colonize food processing environments indicate that they could cause serious disease in the human population, particularly in susceptible individuals with impaired immune response. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 10Detection of Listeria Species in Fresh Fish and Fish Market Environment by Ims Technique in Turkey(Verlag M. und H. Schaper GmbH, 2011) Akkaya, Levent; Atabay, Halil İbrahim; Gök, Veli; Kara, RecepThe incidence of Listeria spp. was investigated in fresh fish (n = 100) sold at retail markets and in the environmental and personnel samples (n = 100) obtained from several fish markets in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey by immunomagnetic separation technique. The fish samples analysed included anchovy, trout, carp and grey mullet (25 of each). Six (6 %) of the fish samples were found positive for Listeria spp. and the overall incidence of Listeria spp. was 10 % in the environmental and personnel samples. Three Listeria spp., Listeria monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, L. grayi were recovered from the samples examined. In addition, L. seeligeri from a fish sample and L. innocua from an environmental sample (box) were isolated. It was found that L. monocytogenes was only detected in fresh water fish with an incidence of 8 %. For the environmental samples, knives and refrigerators had the highest (20 %) and personnel samples had the least (5%) levels of contamination. It can be concluded that the fish sold at retail markets are moderately contaminated with various species of Listeria including L. monocytogenes, which may pose a risk for human health. The presence of these bacteria in environmental and personnel samples of fish markets is also an important possible sources of cross-contamination of the fish and other seafood. The results of this study indicate the necessity of the implementation of good hygiene and sanitary practices in order to prevent and/or reduce the contamination of fishery products by Listeria spp. at the retail level.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 7Assessment of Tnf-Alpha and Leptin Gene Expression by Rt-Pcr in Blood of Cows With Left Abomasal Displacement(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire, 2012) Devrim, A. K.; Sözmen, M.; Yiğitarslan, K.; Sudağıdan, Mert; Kankavi, O.; Atabay, Halil İbrahimThe aims of this study are to evaluate the TNF-α and leptin gene expression in blood from Holstein cows with left abomasal displacement and to correlate it with induced liver injury. The TNF-α and leptin expression in blood samples was determined by RT-PCR after normalisation using the constant expression of the housekeeping GAPDH gene in cows with left abomasal displacement (LAD) (n = 20) before surgery and 7 days after as well as in healthy controls (n = 10). Plasma hepatic enzyme (AST: aspartate aminotransferase, ALT: alanine aminotransferase and ALP: alkaline phosphatase) activities were measured in parallel. Plasma AST and ALP activities dramatically increased in diseased cows during the preoperative period and then declined. Although not significantly, the leptin expression tended to decrease in LAD affected cows while the TNF-α expression tended to increase during the postoperative period. These results suggest that TNF-α may be associated with liver damage during abomasal displacement and that leptin was inversely correlated.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 4Genotyping of Various Arcobacter Species Isolated From Domestic Geese by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna (rapd) Analysis(M. & H. Schaper, 2008) Atabay, Halil İbrahim; Ünver, Ahmet; Otlu, Salih; Kalaycıoğlu, Atila TanerThe present study was undertaken to genotype Arcobacter (A.) butzleri, A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii isolates from domestic geese from three different flocks in Turkey. Fifteen Arcobacter isolates were analysed to determine the RAPD profiles based on the amplified DNA fragment patterns using a universal primer for genotyping. 7 A. cryaerophilus, 2 A. butzleri and 6 A. skirrowii isolates produced 6, 2 and 3 distinct profiles, respectively. The isolates of the same patterns originated from the same flocks. The findings of the present study may support previous reports of the existence of a large degree of heterogeneity among Arcobacter isolates. Observation of such levels of genetic diversity may suggest that there are multiple contamination sources in the environment and/or the determined genotypes may have undergone genetic rearrangements. This first report of genotyping of various Arcobacter species isolated from healthy geese is expected to improve the understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of this emerging pathogen.