Food Engineering / Gıda Mühendisliği
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/12
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Data Paper Knockdown of Death Receptor 5 Antisense Long Noncoding Rna and Cisplatin Treatment Modulate Similar Macromolecular and Metabolic Changes in Hela Cells(TÜBİTAK - Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, 2022) Gürer, Dilek Cansu; Erdoğan Vatansever, İpek; Ceylan, Çağatay; Akgül, BünyaminBackground/aim: Despite great progress in complex gene regulatory mechanisms in the dynamic tumor microenvironment, the potential contribution of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to cancer cell metabolism is poorly understood. Death receptor 5 antisense (DR5-AS) is a cisplatin inducible lncRNA whose knockdown modulates cell morphology. However, its effect on cell metabolism is unknown. The aim of this study is to examine metabolic changes modulated by cisplatin and DR5-AS lncRNA in HeLa cells. Materials and methods: We used cisplatin as a universal cancer therapeutic drug to modulate metabolic changes in HeLa cervix cancer cells. We then examined the extent of metabolic changes by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We also performed transcriptomics analyses by generating new RNA-seq data with total RNAs isolated from cisplatin-treated HeLa cells. Then, we compared cisplatin-mediated transcriptomics and macromolecular changes with those mediated by DR5-AS knockdown. Results: Cisplatin treatment caused changes in the unsaturated fatty acid and lipid-to-protein ratios and the glycogen content. These observations in altered cellular metabolism were supported by transcriptomics analyses. FTIR spectroscopy analyses have revealed that DR5-AS knockdown causes a 20.9% elevation in the lipid/protein ratio and a 76.6% decrease in lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, we detected a 3.42% increase in the chain length of the aliphatic lipids, a higher content of RNA, and a lower amount of glycogen indicating relatively lower metabolic activity in the DR5-AS knockdown HeLa cells. Interestingly, we observed a similar gene expression pattern under cisplatin treatment and DR5-AS knockdown HeLa cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that DR5-AS lncRNA appears to account for a fraction of cisplatin-mediated macromolecular ametabolic changes in HeLa cervix cancer cells.Article The Use of Organic Sun-Dried Fruits for Delivery of Phenolic Compounds(İzzet KARA, 2022) Dervişoğlu, Gökhan; Yemenicioğlu, AhmetThe aim of this study is to characterize and increase the total soluble (water soluble + alcohol soluble) phenolic (SPCT) and flavonoid content (SFCT) and total soluble free radical scavenging based antioxidant capacity (SACT) of major sun-dried fruits such as raisins, figs, prunes and apricots. Due to their high insoluble dietary fiber content, the bound antioxidant capacity formed 61 to 67% of the overall antioxidant capacity (water soluble + alcohol soluble + bound) of sun-dried fruits. The SPCT, SFCT and SACT of sun-dried fruits changed between 1675 and 3860 μg catechin/g (d.w.), 161 and 495 μg catechin/g (d.w.) and 13 and 28.5 μmol Trolox/kg (d.w.), respectively. The incorporation of green tea polyphenols into sun-dried raisins, figs and apricots by controlled rehydration conducted in green tea extracts increased their SPCT, SFCT and SACT 1.5 to 1.8 fold, 1.3 to 1.6 fold, and 1.5 to 2.6 fold, respectively. The method applied caused limited increases in SPCT (1.1 fold) and SFCT (1.2 fold) of prunes, but it increased SACT of these fruits 1.6 fold. This study showed the possibility of using sun-dried fruits not only as source of dietary fiber, but also for delivery of phenolic compounds. The methods used in this study for delivery of green tea phenolic compounds to selected organic sun-dried fruits could be an alternative method to increase intake of these invaluable antioxidant compounds and increase functionality of sun-dried fruits which are already accepted as good source of dietary fiber.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 9Unrevealing the Impact of Pulsed Electric Fields (pef) on Cucumber Seed Vigour and Surface Disinfection(Sciendo, 2021) Atmaca, Bahar; Akdemir Evrendilek, Gülsün; Bulut, Nurullah; Uzuner, SibelChemicals used for seed treatments help to increase the agricultural production by preventing pests and pathogens but also cause environmental and health problems. Thus, environmentally-friendly technologies need to be developed for a seed treatment that inactivates surface microflora and improves seed vigor. One such pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment applied to cucumber seeds in the range of 1.07-17.28 Joule (J) significantly enhanced a mean germination rate (MGR) by up to 9%, a normal seedling rate by 25.73%, and a resistance to 100 and 200 mM salt stresses by 96% and 91.67%, respectively, with a stronger and faster growth of roots and seedlings. PEF treatment provided 3.34 and 3.22 log-reductions in the surface microflora of total mold and yeast and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, respectively. The electrical conductivity (EC) values of the control samples increased over time, from 4 to 24 h. Those of the PEF-treated samples after 4, 12, and 24th hours were also more affected by the measurement time not by the PEF treatment. The joint optimization of 18 responses based on the best-fit Gaussian process model pointed to 19.78 s and 17.28 J as the optimal settings. The PEF treatment appeared to improve seed germination ability and stress resistance with the adequate inactivation of surface microflora.Conference Object Potential Application of Natural Phenolic Antimicrobials and Edible Film Technology Against Bacterial Plant Pathogens(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2020) Alkan, Derya; Yemenicioğlu, AhmetIn this study, antimicrobial edible film technology used frequently for inhibition of human pathogens in processed food was employed as a postharvest bio-based preservation method to prevent bacterial spoilage of fresh fruits and vegetables. Antimicrobial edible zein films were developed by incorporation of pure phenolic acids (PAs) such as gallic acid (GA), cinnamic acid (CA), vanillic acid (VA); essential oils (EOs) such as carvacrol (CAR), thymol (THY), eugenol (EUG) and citral (CIT) and phenolic extract (PE) from clove. In order to test synergetic effect of PAs, different amounts of PAs were added into film solution to obtain films containing mixture of GA and CA, GA and VA, CA and VA at different concentrations. The antimicrobial performances of edible films were tested on selected plant pathogenic bacteria including Pseudomonas syringae, Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas vesicatoria and Erwinia carotovora. The overall results of antimicrobial tests showed that films containing PAs between 1 and 4 mg cm-2 inhibited all pathogens while EOs at concentrations between 2 and 4 mg cm-2 and clove extract between 4 and 8 mg cm-2 were found effective against pathogens except P. syringae. Morover, the incorporation of combination of different PA showed greater inhibitory activity on plant pathogens than incorporation of a single PA into films. The edible zein coatings have already been applied for coating of fresh fruits and vegetables at the postharvest stage to suppress their respiration rate and prolong their refrigerated storage. This work clearly showed the benefit of incorporating a single or mixture of antimicrobial phenolic compounds, EOs and PEs in edible zein films against bacterial plant pathogens. The developed films might be employed against plant pathogens by coating fresh fruits and vegetables, seeds, seedlings, tree stems, soil as well as agricultural tools and constructions without using toxic chemicals. © 2020 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1In Vitro Assessment of Food-Derived Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability in Bicameral Cell Culture System(Türk Biyokimya Derneği, 2020) Özel Taşcı, Cansu; Pilatin, Gözde; Edeer, Özgür; Güleç, ŞükrüBackground: Functional foods can help prevent metabolic diseases, and it is essential to evaluate functional characteristics of foods through in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches. Objective: We aimed to use the bicameral cell culture system combined with the in vitro digestion to evaluate glucose bioavailability. Materials and methods: Cake, almond paste, and pudding were modified by adding fiber and replacing sugar with sweeteners and polyols. Digestion process was modeled in test tubes. Rat enterocyte cells (IEC-6) were grown in a bicameral cell culture system to mimic the physiological characteristics of the human intestine. The glucose bioaccessibility and cellular glucose efflux were measured by glucose oxidase assay. Results and discussion: The glucose bioaccessibilities of modified foods were significantly lower (cake: 2.6 fold, almond paste: 9.2 fold, pudding 2.8 fold) than the controls. Cellular glucose effluxes also decreased in the modified cake, almond paste, and pudding by 2.2, 4, and 2 fold respectively compared to their controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that combining in vitro enzymatic digestion with cell culture studies can be a practical way to test in vitro glucose bioaccessibility and bioavailability in functional food development.Conference Object Citation - Scopus: 2Preparation and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/Calcium Phosphate Powders(Trans Tech Publications, 2004) Şimşek, Deniz; Çiftçioğlu, Rukiye; Harsa, ŞebnemThe preparation of calcium phosphate based powders through chemical precipitation in order to determine the optimum conditions for the preparation of stoichiometric, thermally stable hydroxyapatite (HA) powders was investigated in this work. The effects of parameters like pH, aging time, and heat treatment temperature on the phase structure and morphology of the powders were investigated by SEM and XRD.HA was prepared at a Ca/P ratio of 1.67. The precipitation pH had a profound influence on the morphology and crystallite size of the powders in the 4-11 pH range. Relatively large 5 mum prismatic particles were obtained at low pH whereas the powders were formed from agglomerates of nano sized particles at high pH. Powders had a HA dominant phase structure above a pH of 8. Phase pure HA powders were obtained with close to theoretical yields at pH = 10 and 11. The crystallite sizes of the powders varied from about 30 nm at 90degreesC to 50-90 mn at 1250degreesC with the smallest crystallite sizes obtained for pH 10 and 11 powders at 1250degreesC. The crystallite size increased significantly with aging temperature.Article Citation - WoS: 12Citation - Scopus: 12Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Detection of Sunflower Oil Adulteration With Safflower Oil(CSIC Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 2019) Uncu, Oğuz; Özen, Banu; Tokatlı, FigenThe oil industry is in need of rapid analysis techniques to differentiate mixtures of safflower-sunflower oils from pure oils. The current adulteration detection methods are generally cumbersome and detection limits are questionable. The aim of this study was to test the capability of a mid-infrared spectroscopic method to detect the adulteration of sunflower oil with safflower oil compared to fatty acid analysis. Mid-infrared spectra of pure oils and their mixtures at the 10-60% range were obtained at 4000-650 cm(-1) wavenumber and fatty acid profiles were determined. Data were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis techniques. The lowest level of detection was obtained with mid-infrared spectroscopy at 30% while the fatty acid profile could determine adulteration at around 60%. Adulteration levels were predicted successfully using PLS regression analysis of infrared data with R-2 (calibration) = 0.96 and R-2 (validation) = 0.93. As a rapid and minimum waste generating technique, mid-infrared spectroscopy could be a useful tool for the screening of raw material to detect safflower-sunflower oil mixtures.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 5Chemometric Analysis of Chemo-Optical Data for the Assessment of Olive Oil Blended With Hazelnut Oil(Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie, 2019) Kadiroğlu, Pınar; Korel, Figen; Pardo, MatteoThe main objective of this study was to determine different hazelnut oil concentrations in extra virgin olive oil (EV00) belonging to different geographical regions inside Turkey using the combination of a SAW sensor based electronic nose (e-nose) and a machine vision system (MVS). We leveraged the oil characterisation given by the two easy-to-use and complementary experimental techniques through the adoption of conventional PCA for data exploration and random forests (RF) for supervised learning. The e-nose/MVS combination allows significantly better results both in adulteration detection independently of EVOO's geographical provenance and in EVO0 geographical provenance determination, independently of the adulteration level, with respect to the single characterisation method. RF analysis also produces feature ranking, permitting to shed light on which oils' characteristics influence the learning result. We found that EV00 geographical provenance discrimination is mainly due to yellowness and guaiacol content, while (E)-2-hexenal chiefly determines the prediction of the hazelnut level.Article Determination of the Effects of Biomaterials on Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (pbmc)(IOS Press, 2002) Sudağıdan, Mert; Güneş, Hatice; Harsa, ŞebnemConference Object Citation - Scopus: 11Effects of Different Drying Methods on Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Capacity and General Characteristics of Selected Dark Colored Turkish Fig Cultivars(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2017) Konak, R.; Köseoğlu, İ.; Yemenicioğlu, Ahmetig fruit is a good source of minerals and crude fibers. The dark-colored fig cultivars rich in anthocyanins are also known with their high polyphenol content. However, although there are many different dark-colored fig cultivars grown in Turkey, the dried fig industry has traditionally been concentrated on drying of several yellow-colored fig cultivars. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of sundrying and oven-drying on some general characteristics, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of 2 dark-colored (black) and 2 light-colored (yellow) fig cultivars selected from genetic collection of Turkish Fig Research Institute. The figs were obtained by harvesting at the semi-dry stage at 40-50% moisture content and applying sun-drying or oven-drying to reach final moisture content between 20 and 26%. The sun-drying was conducted on mats for 2-3 days under the sun while the oven-drying was applied for 12 h at 60°C and at the air velocity of 0,5 m s-1. The result of the study clearly showed almost 1,5-2 fold higher total phenolic content and ABTS free radical scavenging based antioxidant capacity of fresh dark-colored figs than fresh light-colored ones. The drying had almost no negative effects on the total phenolic content of both dark- and light-colored figs. The drying also did not have a negative effect on antioxidant capacity of light-colored figs, but it caused a limited reduction (between 20 and 30%) in antioxidant capacity of dark-colored figs due to the well-known heat labile nature of their color compounds anthocyanins. The use of sun-drying or oven-drying did not have a considerably different effect on final phenolic contents and antioxidant capacities of dried figs. This study clearly showed that it is possible to obtain phenolic rich dried figs by use of dark colored fig cultivars such as TR1101 and TR1102.