Food Engineering / Gıda Mühendisliği

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/12

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Publisher: search.filters.publisher.ElsevierSubject: search.filters.subject.Adulteration

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  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 9
    Citation - Scopus: 11
    Authentication of Pomegranate Juice in Binary and Ternary Mixtures With Spectroscopic Methods
    (Elsevier, 2023) Aykaç, Başak; Çavdaroğlu, Çağrı; Özen, Banu
    Fruit juices are among the most commonly adulterated food products and especially pomegranate juice as a high value product is mixed with different adulterants for unfair economic profit. It was aimed to investigate the performances of UV–visible and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies combined with chemometric methods to determine adulteration of pomegranate juice with dark colored sour cherry and black carrot juices. Binary and ternary mixtures of pomegranate juice with 2 adulterants were prepared at 5–25% levels. After various data transformations, both spectroscopic data of authentic and adulterated samples were evaluated with different chemometric classification tools. Classification models with 97% correct classification rate for validation set were obtained both for UV–visible and FTIR spectral data. Accurate predictions of adulterant concentration were also achieved with chemometric models using both spectroscopic data. These spectroscopic techniques provide rapid and accurate prediction of pomegranate juice adulteration in binary and ternary mixtures with dark colored juices.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 28
    Citation - Scopus: 29
    Detection of Vinegar Adulteration With Spirit Vinegar and Acetic Acid Using Uv–visible and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
    (Elsevier, 2022) Çavdaroğlu, Çağrı; Özen, Banu
    Vinegar is one of the commonly adulterated food products, and variations in product and adulterant spectrum make the detection of adulteration a challenging task. This study aims to determine adulteration of grape vinegars with spirit vinegar and synthetic acetic acid using different spectroscopic methods. For this purpose, grape vinegars were mixed separately with spirit vinegar and diluted synthetic acetic acid (4%) at 1–50% (v/v) ratios. Spectra of vinegars and mixtures were obtained with UV–visible and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. Data were evaluated with various chemometric methods and artificial neural networks (ANN). Correct classification rates of at least 94.3% and higher values were obtained by the evaluation of both spectroscopic data along with their combination with chemometric methods and ANN for discrimination of non-adulterated and adulterated vinegars. UV–vis and FTIR spectroscopy can be rapid and accurate ways of detecting adulteration in vinegars regardless of adulterant type.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 35
    Citation - Scopus: 43
    Potential of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Adulteration Detection and Quality Assessment in Buffalo and Goat Milks
    (Elsevier, 2021) Şen, Sevval; Dündar, Zahide; Uncu, Oğuz; Özen, Banu
    Adulteration of higher priced milks with cheaper ones to obtain extra profit can be the cause of adverse health effects as well as economic loss. In this study, it was aimed to differentiate goat-cow and buffalo-cow milk mixtures and also to estimate the critical quality parameters of these milks by the evaluation of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic data with chemometric methods. Raw goat and buffalo milks were mixed with cow milk at 1-50% (v/v) concentrations and FTIR spectra of the pure and mixed samples were obtained at 4000-650 cm-1. Orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) resulted in differentiation of goat-cow and buffalo-cow milk mixtures with 93% and 91% correct classification rates, respectively. Detection level for mixing is determined as higher than 5% for both milks. Total fat, protein, lactose and non-fat solid contents were predicted from FTIR spectral data of the combination of three types of milks by partial least square models with R2 values of 0.99. As a result, FTIR spectroscopy provides rapid and simultaneous detection of adulteration and prediction of quality parameters regardless of the milk type.