Food Engineering / Gıda Mühendisliği

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/12

Browse

Filters

2002 - 200952010 - 2019182020 - 20225

Settings

Scopus Q: search.filters.scopusQuartile.Q4

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 28
  • Article
    Evrimsel epidemiyoloji: Epidemiyoloji ve evrimsel biyolojinin sentezi
    (Türk Tabipleri Birliği, 2016) Sezgin, Efe
    Epidemiology investigates the distribution and causes of health and disease among individuals and populations. Evolutionary medicine, in other words Darwinian medicine, is a new discipline that aims to bring novel approaches to health problems that traditional medicine cannot understand and cannot find cures for, in order to improve the overall health of human populations. Epidemiology, the primary discipline of public health, is one of the medical branches that benefited the most from evolutionary approaches in medicine. Traditional epidemiology focuses on proximate causes and seeks answers to 'what' and 'how' questions on the dynamics between factors, environment, and humans. Evolutionary epidemiology focuses on the ultimate causes of diseases and seeks answers to 'how' and 'why' questions on the origin and function. In order to find answers, it compares the evolutinary process of Homo sapiens (modern humans) with that of its relatives, it examines the fast changes in human ecology, demographic and social dynamics, it looks at the epidemiology of modern diseases from an evolutionary process perspective. Using contemporary molecular and statistical genetic methods, it examines the contemporary human genetic variation and its evolution. It searches why diseases causing genetic variation are still not eliminated from human populations. Adaption of evolutionary ideas into epidemiologic research will enhance population health and provide novel solutions for diseases.
  • Data Paper
    Knockdown of Death Receptor 5 Antisense Long Noncoding Rna and Cisplatin Treatment Modulate Similar Macromolecular and Metabolic Changes in Hela Cells
    (TÜBİTAK - Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, 2022) Gürer, Dilek Cansu; Erdoğan Vatansever, İpek; Ceylan, Çağatay; Akgül, Bünyamin
    Background/aim: Despite great progress in complex gene regulatory mechanisms in the dynamic tumor microenvironment, the potential contribution of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to cancer cell metabolism is poorly understood. Death receptor 5 antisense (DR5-AS) is a cisplatin inducible lncRNA whose knockdown modulates cell morphology. However, its effect on cell metabolism is unknown. The aim of this study is to examine metabolic changes modulated by cisplatin and DR5-AS lncRNA in HeLa cells. Materials and methods: We used cisplatin as a universal cancer therapeutic drug to modulate metabolic changes in HeLa cervix cancer cells. We then examined the extent of metabolic changes by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We also performed transcriptomics analyses by generating new RNA-seq data with total RNAs isolated from cisplatin-treated HeLa cells. Then, we compared cisplatin-mediated transcriptomics and macromolecular changes with those mediated by DR5-AS knockdown. Results: Cisplatin treatment caused changes in the unsaturated fatty acid and lipid-to-protein ratios and the glycogen content. These observations in altered cellular metabolism were supported by transcriptomics analyses. FTIR spectroscopy analyses have revealed that DR5-AS knockdown causes a 20.9% elevation in the lipid/protein ratio and a 76.6% decrease in lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, we detected a 3.42% increase in the chain length of the aliphatic lipids, a higher content of RNA, and a lower amount of glycogen indicating relatively lower metabolic activity in the DR5-AS knockdown HeLa cells. Interestingly, we observed a similar gene expression pattern under cisplatin treatment and DR5-AS knockdown HeLa cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that DR5-AS lncRNA appears to account for a fraction of cisplatin-mediated macromolecular ametabolic changes in HeLa cervix cancer cells.
  • Article
    The Use of Organic Sun-Dried Fruits for Delivery of Phenolic Compounds
    (İzzet KARA, 2022) Dervişoğlu, Gökhan; Yemenicioğlu, Ahmet
    The aim of this study is to characterize and increase the total soluble (water soluble + alcohol soluble) phenolic (SPCT) and flavonoid content (SFCT) and total soluble free radical scavenging based antioxidant capacity (SACT) of major sun-dried fruits such as raisins, figs, prunes and apricots. Due to their high insoluble dietary fiber content, the bound antioxidant capacity formed 61 to 67% of the overall antioxidant capacity (water soluble + alcohol soluble + bound) of sun-dried fruits. The SPCT, SFCT and SACT of sun-dried fruits changed between 1675 and 3860 μg catechin/g (d.w.), 161 and 495 μg catechin/g (d.w.) and 13 and 28.5 μmol Trolox/kg (d.w.), respectively. The incorporation of green tea polyphenols into sun-dried raisins, figs and apricots by controlled rehydration conducted in green tea extracts increased their SPCT, SFCT and SACT 1.5 to 1.8 fold, 1.3 to 1.6 fold, and 1.5 to 2.6 fold, respectively. The method applied caused limited increases in SPCT (1.1 fold) and SFCT (1.2 fold) of prunes, but it increased SACT of these fruits 1.6 fold. This study showed the possibility of using sun-dried fruits not only as source of dietary fiber, but also for delivery of phenolic compounds. The methods used in this study for delivery of green tea phenolic compounds to selected organic sun-dried fruits could be an alternative method to increase intake of these invaluable antioxidant compounds and increase functionality of sun-dried fruits which are already accepted as good source of dietary fiber.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 8
    Citation - Scopus: 9
    Unrevealing the Impact of Pulsed Electric Fields (pef) on Cucumber Seed Vigour and Surface Disinfection
    (Sciendo, 2021) Atmaca, Bahar; Akdemir Evrendilek, Gülsün; Bulut, Nurullah; Uzuner, Sibel
    Chemicals used for seed treatments help to increase the agricultural production by preventing pests and pathogens but also cause environmental and health problems. Thus, environmentally-friendly technologies need to be developed for a seed treatment that inactivates surface microflora and improves seed vigor. One such pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment applied to cucumber seeds in the range of 1.07-17.28 Joule (J) significantly enhanced a mean germination rate (MGR) by up to 9%, a normal seedling rate by 25.73%, and a resistance to 100 and 200 mM salt stresses by 96% and 91.67%, respectively, with a stronger and faster growth of roots and seedlings. PEF treatment provided 3.34 and 3.22 log-reductions in the surface microflora of total mold and yeast and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, respectively. The electrical conductivity (EC) values of the control samples increased over time, from 4 to 24 h. Those of the PEF-treated samples after 4, 12, and 24th hours were also more affected by the measurement time not by the PEF treatment. The joint optimization of 18 responses based on the best-fit Gaussian process model pointed to 19.78 s and 17.28 J as the optimal settings. The PEF treatment appeared to improve seed germination ability and stress resistance with the adequate inactivation of surface microflora.
  • Conference Object
    Potential Application of Natural Phenolic Antimicrobials and Edible Film Technology Against Bacterial Plant Pathogens
    (International Society for Horticultural Science, 2020) Alkan, Derya; Yemenicioğlu, Ahmet
    In this study, antimicrobial edible film technology used frequently for inhibition of human pathogens in processed food was employed as a postharvest bio-based preservation method to prevent bacterial spoilage of fresh fruits and vegetables. Antimicrobial edible zein films were developed by incorporation of pure phenolic acids (PAs) such as gallic acid (GA), cinnamic acid (CA), vanillic acid (VA); essential oils (EOs) such as carvacrol (CAR), thymol (THY), eugenol (EUG) and citral (CIT) and phenolic extract (PE) from clove. In order to test synergetic effect of PAs, different amounts of PAs were added into film solution to obtain films containing mixture of GA and CA, GA and VA, CA and VA at different concentrations. The antimicrobial performances of edible films were tested on selected plant pathogenic bacteria including Pseudomonas syringae, Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas vesicatoria and Erwinia carotovora. The overall results of antimicrobial tests showed that films containing PAs between 1 and 4 mg cm-2 inhibited all pathogens while EOs at concentrations between 2 and 4 mg cm-2 and clove extract between 4 and 8 mg cm-2 were found effective against pathogens except P. syringae. Morover, the incorporation of combination of different PA showed greater inhibitory activity on plant pathogens than incorporation of a single PA into films. The edible zein coatings have already been applied for coating of fresh fruits and vegetables at the postharvest stage to suppress their respiration rate and prolong their refrigerated storage. This work clearly showed the benefit of incorporating a single or mixture of antimicrobial phenolic compounds, EOs and PEs in edible zein films against bacterial plant pathogens. The developed films might be employed against plant pathogens by coating fresh fruits and vegetables, seeds, seedlings, tree stems, soil as well as agricultural tools and constructions without using toxic chemicals. © 2020 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 1
    Citation - Scopus: 1
    In Vitro Assessment of Food-Derived Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability in Bicameral Cell Culture System
    (Türk Biyokimya Derneği, 2020) Özel Taşcı, Cansu; Pilatin, Gözde; Edeer, Özgür; Güleç, Şükrü
    Background: Functional foods can help prevent metabolic diseases, and it is essential to evaluate functional characteristics of foods through in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches. Objective: We aimed to use the bicameral cell culture system combined with the in vitro digestion to evaluate glucose bioavailability. Materials and methods: Cake, almond paste, and pudding were modified by adding fiber and replacing sugar with sweeteners and polyols. Digestion process was modeled in test tubes. Rat enterocyte cells (IEC-6) were grown in a bicameral cell culture system to mimic the physiological characteristics of the human intestine. The glucose bioaccessibility and cellular glucose efflux were measured by glucose oxidase assay. Results and discussion: The glucose bioaccessibilities of modified foods were significantly lower (cake: 2.6 fold, almond paste: 9.2 fold, pudding 2.8 fold) than the controls. Cellular glucose effluxes also decreased in the modified cake, almond paste, and pudding by 2.2, 4, and 2 fold respectively compared to their controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that combining in vitro enzymatic digestion with cell culture studies can be a practical way to test in vitro glucose bioaccessibility and bioavailability in functional food development.
  • Article
    Mikrobiyal Ksilanazlar ve Gıda Endüstrisinde Kullanım Alanları
    (Sidas Medya Ajans Tanıtım Danışmanlık Ltd. Şti., 2015) Yeğin, Sırma; Büyükkileci, Ali Oğuz
    Ksilanazlar, doğada bitki hücre duvarının yapısında bulunan ksilanın hidrolizini sağlayan enzimlerdir. Çok yaygın kullanım alanı bulunan bu enzimler gıda ve yem sektörü açısından da büyük önem taşımaktadırlar. Endüstriyel ksilanaz üretimi mikrobiyal biyoproseslerle gerçekleştirilmektedir. Söz konusu enzimlerin biyosentez düzeyi, biyokimyasal ve teknolojik özellikleri, üretimde kullanılan mikroorganizma ve biyoproses koşullarına göre farklılık göstermektedir. Son zamanlarda ksilanazların üretim düzeylerinin arttırılması, saflaştırılması ve karakterizasyonu üzerinde çok sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Ancak günümüzde sürdürülebilir, çevreci ve ekonomik proseslerin geliştirilmesi adına alışılmışın dışında ve çok yönlü kullanılabilen yeni enzim sistemlerine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu derlemede, ksilanın yapısı, ksilanaz grubu enzimlerin sınıflandırılması, mikrobiyal ksilanaz üretimi, saflaştırılması, karakterizasyonu ve gıda sektöründe uygulamaları üzerinde durulmuştur.
  • Article
    Aspergillus Sojae Tarafından Üretilen Poligalakturonazın Kısmi Saflaştırılması için Kromatografik Bir Yaklaşım
    (Sidas Medya Ajans Tanıtım Danışmanlık Ltd. Şti., 2017) Şen, İlknur; Mata-Gomez, Marco A.; Palomares, Marco Rito; Tarı, Canan; Dinç, Melike
    Bu çalışmanın amacı, A. sojae mutantından poligalakturonaz üretilmesi ve ham ekstraktın kromatografik yöntemlerle kısmi saflaştırılmasıdır. Peptitlerin konfirmasyonu için ilk basamak olarak, jel içinde sindirilmiş sodyum-dodesil-sülfatpoliakrilamid-jel-elektroforezi (SDS-PAGE) jellerinde matriks-yardımlı lazer desorpsiyon/iyonlaştırmalı-uçuş zamanlıkütle spektrometresi (Maldi-TOF MS) analizi yapılmıştır. Poligalakturonaz üretimi için, katı-faz ve derin fermentasyonlarda üç farklı karbon kaynağı kullanılmıştır. Ham ekstrakt ilk olarak iyon değişim kromatografisi (IEXC) ile saflaştırılmıştır ve ardından bunu boyut eleme kromatografisi izlemiştir. Derin [acı portakal kabuğu, şeker pancarı melası ve (NH4)2SO4] ve katı-faz (buğday kepeği, şeker pancarı ve HCl) fermentasyonlarından elde edilen ham ekstraktlar yüksek seviyede poligalakturonaz enzim aktivitesi (sırasıyla 95.22 and 50.27 U/mL) göstermiştir. IEXC toplanmış fraksiyonunun (180, 200 ve 220 mM tuz fraksiyonları) boyut elemesi, en yüksek verimi (%36) ve saflaştırma katını (2.00) göstermiştir. SDS-PAGE'den elde edilen olası poligalakturonaz bantları jel içinde sindirilmiş ve peptit konfirmasyonu için Maldi-TOF-MS ile analiz edilmiştir.
  • Article
    Farklı Bölgelere Ait Ticari Kırmızı Şarapların Elektronik Burun ile Aroma Profillerine Göre Sınıflandırılması
    (Sidas Medya Ajans Tanıtım Danışmanlık Ltd. Şti., 2014) Korel, Figen; Yaman, Ünal Rıza; Yücel, Ufuk
    Çalışmada ülkemizde yetişen yerli ve yabancı üzüm çeşitlerinden elde edilmiş ticari kırmızı şarapların aroma profilleri elektronik burun ile belirlenmiş ve kemometrik yöntemlerle sınıflandırılmıştır. Araştırmada 21 adet ticari şarap kullanılmış olup aroma profilleri zNoseTM cihazı ile belirlenmiştir. Temel bileşen analizi (PCA) ve kümeleme analizi (CA) kullanılarak şarapların aroma profillerine göre sınıflandırılması yapılmıştır. PCA ve CA analiz sonuçlarına göre yakın bölgelerden sağlanan aynı üzüm çeşidinden üretilen şaraplar aromalarına göre yakın gruplandırılmışlardır.
  • Article
    Physicochemical and Sensorial Properties of Sepet Cheeses Packaged Under Different Modified Atmospheric Conditions
    (Ege Üniversitesi, 2017) Akpınar, Aslı; Yerlikaya, Oktay; Kınık, Özer; Uysal, Harun Raşit; Korel, Figen
    Çalışmanın amacı farklı modifiye atmosfer koşullarında paketlenen geleneksel Sepet peynirlerinin fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özelliklerini incelemektir. +4 °C' de depolanan Sepet peynirlerinin tüm özellikleri depolamanın 1., 45., 90. ve 180. günlerinde incelenmiştir. Peynirlerin paketlenmesinde 3 farklı modifiye atmosfer koşulu denenmiştir. Üretilen peynirler % 100 N2 (N), % 80 N2 + % 20 CO2 (NC), % 100 CO2 (C) içeren atmosfer koşullarda polistiren ambalajlarda paketlenmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz sonucunda modifiye atmosfer koşullarında (MAP) paketlenen Sepet peyniri örneklerinin kurumadde, kurumadde de yağ % ve kurumadde de tuz % içeriklerinde meydana gelen değişimlerin önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kitle, tekstür, görünüş, lezzet ve aromayı içeren duyusal özellikler istatistiksel olarak incelendiğinde, sadece CO2 içeren atmosferik koşullarda paketlenen peynirlerde depolama süresince farklılık olduğu gözlenmiştir. Genel olarak bakıldığında % 100 N2 (N), % 80 N2 + % 20 CO2 (NC) gazlarını içeren farklı modifiye koşullarda paketlenmiş olan Sepet peynirlerinin fizikokimyasal ve duyusal özelliklerini daha iyi muhafaza ettiği görülmüştür