Architecture / Mimarlık
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/24
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Article Art and Construction Related Qualities of 14th‒15th Century Monuments in a Rural Landscape on the Western Coast of Türkiye(KeAi Communications Co., 2024) Hamamcıoğlu Turan, Mine; Aktaş, Engin; Toköz, Özge DenizThis study aims to contribute to the understanding of the evolution of art and construction in the early settlements established by Turkish communities on the far west Asian coast by focusing on two developed examples in Urla Peninsula. Conventional surveying and evaluation techniques of architectural restoration and civil engineering were utilized. Key findings include the understanding of the hierarchy of rural settlements in the studied landscape: old Çesme the most developed village of peninsula in the 16th century. It was positioned along a valley in distance to coast, but in control of harbor that played significant role in commerce between Europe and Asia. Its mosque and tomb, dated to late 14th – early 15th centuries, used to crown it. Cylindrical minaret tower of mosque, domed tomb tower on a cubical base and squinch in the transition zone of mosque are evidences for Central Asian roots. Usage of local lime stone, re-usage of andesite blocks, framing of the stone blocks with bricks, and pendentive in tomb refer to Roman-Byzantine constructions. The study presents the development of Turkish art and construction on the far west Asian coast in the 14th‒15th centuries. Findings will be a guide for related conservation management in similar contexts. © 2024 The Author(s)Article Citation - WoS: 1On-Site Measurements of Temperature and Humidity Conditions for the Comparison of Urban and Rural Sub-Spaces of Traditional Settlements: Historical City of Mugla, Turkey(Taylor & Francis, 2023) Timur, Barış Ali; Başaran, Tahsin; İpekoğlu, BaşakOne of the significant processes that ensures realistic determination of the energy needs of historical buildings is case-specific definition of their local microclimatic conditions. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to determine differences for the parameters of temperature and humidity in urban and rural sub-settlements of the historical city, Mugla/Turkey. Study method consists of on-site measurements of these variables in sub-settlements for comparisons. As a result, it was identified urban zone shows heat island characteristics with warmer, drier, and more stable conditions; while rural sub-settlement remains cooler, more humid, and more erratic. In parallel, calculated extents of these differences demonstrate the significance and necessity of on-site measurements and consequential microclimatic zoning of historical cities as conservation/planning tools for responding to the thermal needs of architectural heritage. A key application of these processes would be the establishment of local databases of case-specific weather data to be used in thermal simulation assessments.Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 14Out-Of Seismic Performance of Bed-Joint Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (aac) Infill Walls Damaged Under Cyclic In-Plane Displacement Reversals(Elsevier, 2023) Halıcı, Ömer Faruk; Demir, Uğur; Zabbar, Yassin; İlki, AlperThe infill walls made of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC), which is a lightweight, fire resistant and energy efficient material, provide effective insulation solutions for building types of structures and becoming more and more popular in earthquake prone regions. Although the number of experimental tests examining the seismic response of clay brick infills is extensive, the amount of prior research on infill walls built of AAC blocks is rather limited. Past research revealed that the use of bed-joint reinforcement is one of the promising solutions to improve the global seismic response of masonry walls by enhancing strength and displacement capacity. In this study, the out-of-plane (OOP) seismic performance of AAC infill walls with flat-truss and innovative cord-type bed-joint reinforcement is experimentally evaluated. Also, consideration is given to the prior in-plane (IP) damage, which was found to degrade the seismic performance of infills in OOP direction. For this purpose, three IP and four OOP, in total, seven experimental tests were performed on four full-scale AAC infill wall specimens. The test parameters were selected in such a way as to make it possible to parametrically compare the OOP performance of AAC infills with flat-truss and cord-type bed-joint reinforcements with unreinforced AAC infill walls, together with the effect of prior IP damage on the OOP response of unreinforced AAC infill walls. It was found that the use of innovative cord-type bed-joint reinforcement improved the OOP strength to a similar extent to what was obtained from the truss-type reinforced specimen. In terms of ultimate displacement and energy dissipation capacity enhancement, the specimen with cord-type reinforcement performed better. In addition, the damages formed due to IP cyclic displacement reversals up to 0.005 drift ratio, which is defined as the drift limit for buildings with brittle infill walls in certain design codes, resulted in a significant reduction in the OOP strength and stiffness properties of AAC infills. The theoretical OOP strength calculations were found to provide unconservative strength values for the IP-damaged specimens.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 23Thermal Comfort Analysis of Historical Mosques. Case Study: the Ulu Mosque, Manisa, Turkey(Elsevier, 2021) Diler, Yusuf; Turhan, Cihan; Durmuş Arsan, Zeynep; Gökçen Akkurt, GüldenMosques are sanctuary places for Muslims where they can perform their religious activities and also can communicate with each other. On the other hand, historical mosques may contain artworks which have cultural heritage values. These mosques originally have not any Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning systems. For this reason, obtaining thermal comfort becomes a significant issue. In this study, a systematic approach on monitoring and evaluating thermal comfort of historical mosques were developed. As a case study, The Ulu Mosque, Manisa/Turkey was monitored from 2015 to 2018, and thermal comfort evaluation of the mosque was conducted during prayer times based on the method provided by ISO 7730. A dynamic Building Energy Performance Software, DesignBuilder, was used to model the mosque, and the model was calibrated by using hourly indoor temperature data. The calibrated model was then used to evaluate existing conditions of the mosque and develop retrofitting scenarios in order to increase thermal comfort of prayers. Thirteen different scenarios were proposed to improve thermal comfort of prayers during worship periods. The results were evaluated according to EN 16883 for conservation of cultural heritage of the mosque. Electrical radiator heating with intermittent operating schedules was obtained as the best scenario to protect cultural heritage via artworks, while decreasing disssatisfaction level of the prayers from 45% to 10% in winter months. Additionally, intermittent operation saved 46.9% of energy compared to continuous operating schedule. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 25Citation - Scopus: 28How To Learn To Be Creative in Design: Architecture Students' Perceptions of Design, Design Process, Design Learning, and Their Transformations Throughout Their Education(Elsevier, 2021) Taneri, Batuhan; Doğan, FehmiThe study explores students? perceptions of experiential learning, design and design process, and design education, and whether these perceptions vary according to school year students are in based on qualitative and quantitative data collected from two architectural schools. We inquire into how creativity and design could be learned through repeated design tasks without structured instructions about the creative design process. The explorative study employs surveys and semistructured focus group interviews. The results indicate problem-solving view of design is the most common characterization, students think design is not a straightforward problem solving and is most related to art and creativity. Finally, students report school has a limited impact on how they learn designing. We conclude experiential learning in the studio create shortcomings if not accompanied with a critical and reflective stance and that undertaking design tasks one after the other without explicit reflection on these tasks is an inefficient strategy in learning about the creative design process.Article Citation - WoS: 27Citation - Scopus: 38Loose Coupling of Gis and Bim Data Models for Automated Compliance Checking Against Zoning Codes(Elsevier, 2021) Demir Altıntaş, Yelin; İlal, Mustafa EmreModeling urban data is crucial for supporting automated code checking processes. Ideally, digitally modelled building codes and urban data should be retrieved from municipalities, and the digital building model should be checked automatically based on the collected information. However, BIM tools do not contain and do not allow managing geographical information at a neighborhood scale. Current GIS applications also do not store all of the information required by building codes. Even if they did, interoperability between GIS and BIM environments are problematic. This paper describes the development of a zoning domain model for automated compliance checking of building projects. The proposed model is illustrated through a proof-of-concept GIS application, where geometric and semantic data are stored, queried and exported as a GML file. Use of this data model for automated code checking is an example for how GIS data can seamlessly complement BIM data making expansion of BIM schemas unnecessary.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 6Utilization of Psychoacoustic Parameters for Occupancy-Based Acoustic Evaluation in Eating Establishments(Tsinghua University, 2022) Çakır, Onurcan; İlal, Mustafa EmrePsychoacoustic parameters are mostly used for determining the sound quality of mechanical sounds. They have also started to be used for evaluating soundscapes of open areas and enclosed spaces. This research aims to find out the relationship between the psychoacoustic parameters and acoustic comfort in non-acoustic enclosed public spaces, specifically in eating establishments. Both on-site measurements and laboratory listening tests were conducted for five eating establishments. During on-site measurements, a simultaneous questionnaire study was also carried out. Subjective and objective data were comparatively evaluated. Listening tests were based on auralizations with calibrated simulation models. This provided a research model, that allows control over the acoustic environment without having to make real changes in the physical elements of the eating establishments. The auralization sound files were presented to listening test participants with headphones and they evaluated soundscapes with different psychoacoustic properties. As results, better acoustic comfort was found to be related with higher sharpness, lower reverberation time, lower loudness and lower roughness values for the examined parameter ranges.Article Citation - WoS: 23Citation - Scopus: 30Experimental Investigation of a Decentralized Heat Recovery Ventilation System(Elsevier Ltd., 2020) Pekdoğan, Tuğçe; Tokuç, Ayça; Ezan, Mehmet Akif; Başaran, TahsinIndoor air quality is an important issue for improving and maintaining the indoor environment because it is directly related to people's health and work performance. These days, in many settlements, the applicability of natural ventilation is limited in the face of the decreasing infiltration loads, increased atmospheric pollution, and the climatic conditions. Therefore, the use of mechanical systems that are designed to ensure proper ventilation is becoming widespread. This paper presents full-scale experimental research of a wall-integrated decentralized ventilation system with heat recovery in the laboratory conditions. The heat recovery unit includes a ceramic block for sensible thermal energy storage. Parametric experimental studies were carried out to obtain the temperature distributions and the thermal capacity of the ceramic block during the supply and exhaust modes of working. In order to simulate the winter and summer conditions, two large scale temperature-controlled rooms are built up. The duration of the ventilation period is varied to be 1, 2, 5, 7.5 and 10-min. Experimental measurements indicate that 2 min of operation time shows the best thermal performance in terms of maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature with the least energy consumption. And some shortcomings were observed about the fan and thermal storage limitations. © 2020 Elsevier LtdArticle Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 15The Spatial Configuration and Publicness of the University Campus: Interaction, Discovery, and Display on De Uithof in Utrecht(Palgrave Macmillan Ltd., 2022) Yaylalı Yıldız, Berna; Spierings, Bas; Çil, ElaThis paper explores different degrees and forms of publicness and their relationship with the spatial configuration of a university campus. Based on a literature review, the concept of 'publicness' is developed to describe the dimensions of 'interaction,' 'discovery,' and 'display' on campus. The area selected for the case study is De Uithof campus of Utrecht University, located outside the urban fabric in a green environment. Spatial configuration analysis reveals that the two public spaces most-often used by students have high global and local integration scores as well as medium visibility scores. This promises much potential for the production of publicness in both spaces, whereas student surveys revealed some rather substantial differences in publicness between them. Acknowledging detailed differences in terms of physical design, functional facilities, and social composition enables an explanation for why the Academic Hospital Utrecht space lives up more the potential of publicness production than the Heidelberglaan space.