Architecture / Mimarlık
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/24
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Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1The Asymmetries of Displacement: The Spatial Aspects of the Greek-Turkish Population Exchange(Brill, 2023) Cankara, MelisThe Greek-Turkish population exchange convention of 1923 had major effects on both countries in terms of politics, economy, society, and space. Some of the negative impacts were minimized over time. However, there are some long-term impacts, for instance on space, that are still observable in the cities we live in, even though a full century has passed since the exchange. This article focuses on both the local and broader spatial consequences of the population exchange from a comparative perspective.Book Part 1960s Tax Law and Non-Muslim Exodus From Istanbul: Turkification of the City(Taylor & Francis, 2023) Akpınar, İpekThis chapter discusses the urban consequences of the expulsion of Istanbul Greeks in 1964. It demonstrates the urban impact of the 16 March 1964 decree that terminated the residence of 12, 000 Greek passport holders in Istanbul (a population of 40, 000 with their relatives), who were given 24 hours to leave the city and allowed to carry only 20 kilograms of belongings or US$22 with them. The event also alarmed many other non-Muslim families to emigrate from Istanbul, while the city was receiving a large influx of immigrants from rural lands due to the growing industrialization and urbanization. Akpinar discusses the urban planning interventions in Istanbul under the Menderes and subsequent governments throughout the 1950s and 1960s as ad-hoc or intentional steps toward Turkification, in which discrimination and the resulting emigration of Istanbul Greeks played a significant part. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Esra Akcan and Iftikhar Dadi; individual chapters, the contributors.Article User Satisfactions on Visual Comfort and View Quality Based on Colours and Opacity of Glazing To Control Daylighting(Znack Publishing House, 2023) Cogul, Ilgin; Duran, Hasan Engin; Kazanasmaz, Zehra TugceWindows are both components that open to the outside and gates that bring the outside elements inside as well. The visible view through windows affects users' perception of the indoor environment. Visual comfort is a key concern to create qualified interior spaces. Glazing type in naturally lit environments becomes very substantial for comfort. As glazing technologies develop, the options available for users have also increased. This study aims to find out how different glazing and view types impact user perception and satisfaction in the interior and to create design ideas for the spaces to be completed in the future. A room with various glazing transmittance (20 %, 50 %, and 90 %), colours (blue and yellow), and view types (street and landscape) are modelled virtually in Relux. A survey composed of these rendered scenes from these variations includes four questions. 40 people participated in the survey. Statistical analyses are made using Stata and EViews. Illuminance and luminance are calculated via Relux to discuss quantifiable values and subjective one together. According to the results, as transmittance increase, the rate of people finding the room pleasant and the quality of the view decrease, but a brighter environment shows up. When using tinted glazing, users mark the rooms as interesting, while pleasantness and view quality decrease. A landscape view instead of a street view in the rooms results is a more interesting, pleasant indoor environment, and higher view satisfaction.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 5Deterioration of Pre-War and Rehabilitation of Post-War Urbanscapes Using Generative Adversarial Networks(SAGE Publications, 2023) Çiçek, Selen; Turhan, Gözde Damla; Taşer, AybükeThe urban built environment of contemporary cities confronts a constant risk of deterioration due to natural or artificial reasons. Especially political aggression and war conflicts have significant destructive effects on architectural and cultural heritage buildings. The post-war urbanscapes demonstrate the striking effects of the armed conflicts during the hot war encounters. However, the residues of the urbanscapes become the actual indicators of damage and loss. Since today we can make future predictions using a variety of machine learning algorithms, it is possible to represent hybrid projections of urban heterotopias. In this context, this research proposes to explore dystopian post-war projections for modern cities based on their architectural styles and demonstrate the utopian scenarios of rehabilitation possibilities for the damaged urban built environment of post-war cities by using generative adversarial network (GAN) algorithms. Two primary datasets containing the post-war and pre-war building facades have been given as the input data for the CycleGAN and pix2pix GAN models. Thus, two different image-to-image GAN models have been compared regarding their ability to produce legible building facade projections in architectural features. Besides, the machine learning process results have been discussed in terms of cities' utopian and dystopian future predictions, demonstrating the war conflicts' immense effects on the built environment. Moreover, the immediate consequence of the destructive aggression on tangible and intangible architectural heritage would become visible to inhabitants and policymakers when the AI-generated rehabilitation potentials have been exposed.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Approaches To Optimization for Movable Shading Systems: a Review of Optimization Methods and Tools(Znack Publishing House, 2021) Keskinel, Yeşim; İlal, Mustafa EmreStudies show that movable shading systems have lots of benefits for building performance. Minimizing energy consumption and maximizing daylight usage are natural expectations when using these systems. To find optimal solutions for these systems, different methods have been used. Today, optimization methods are used to solve this problem. In the literature, there are few studies about optimization of movable shading systems. This paper aims to identify different movable shading systems, optimization types, and computational optimization tools that are used. Research findings and future projections based on the reviewed papers are summarized.Article Citation - WoS: 23Citation - Scopus: 30Experimental Investigation of a Decentralized Heat Recovery Ventilation System(Elsevier Ltd., 2020) Pekdoğan, Tuğçe; Tokuç, Ayça; Ezan, Mehmet Akif; Başaran, TahsinIndoor air quality is an important issue for improving and maintaining the indoor environment because it is directly related to people's health and work performance. These days, in many settlements, the applicability of natural ventilation is limited in the face of the decreasing infiltration loads, increased atmospheric pollution, and the climatic conditions. Therefore, the use of mechanical systems that are designed to ensure proper ventilation is becoming widespread. This paper presents full-scale experimental research of a wall-integrated decentralized ventilation system with heat recovery in the laboratory conditions. The heat recovery unit includes a ceramic block for sensible thermal energy storage. Parametric experimental studies were carried out to obtain the temperature distributions and the thermal capacity of the ceramic block during the supply and exhaust modes of working. In order to simulate the winter and summer conditions, two large scale temperature-controlled rooms are built up. The duration of the ventilation period is varied to be 1, 2, 5, 7.5 and 10-min. Experimental measurements indicate that 2 min of operation time shows the best thermal performance in terms of maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature with the least energy consumption. And some shortcomings were observed about the fan and thermal storage limitations. © 2020 Elsevier LtdConference Object Leed Certification: a Comparison of Contractors' Perspectives(Research Publishing Services, 2013) Doğan, Sevgi Zeynep; Günhan, Suat; Gerçek, Bilge; Arditi, DavidThe Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification system for green buildings has been used extensively in the US and has gained increased attention in developing countries as well. The related literature focuses extensively on the perspectives of owners and designers, whereas constructors' role receives less attention. One significant research is based on a survey administered to 22 contractors, who built LEED certified green building projects in the US. The survey inquired about earned LEED credits and best practices in LEED certification process regarding past experiences. The same survey was administered to seven Turkish contractors, who also built LEED certified green buildings in Turkey. The similarities and differences between US and Turkish constructors' perspectives were studied. Both groups stated that the LEED process was slightly difficult or was just straightforward. US contractors needed a lot of additional time for the LEED documentation; Turkish contractors required no extra time. LEED certification system incurred a little additional cost for US contractors; however Turkish contractors mentioned about up to 10% additional project costs. The achieved LEED credits from materials and resources, and indoor environmental quality by the two groups of contractors were highly correlated. Both groups emphasized the inclusion of LEED documentation and specifications in coordination meetings and in subcontracts to streamline the process; and emphasized the early collaboration of the entire project team for earning LEED credits. Copyright © 2013 by Research Publishing Services.Article How Myths of City Affects Architecture Via Sample of Arap Cami(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2016) Gelişkan, Nil NadireIn order to have direct relation with past people try to settle a historical, word-of-mouth, splendid stories with place that they are living in. Having a memorable, symbolic legends makes people a part of city's collective memory. Istanbul was a significant example that not only Byzantion people controlled this capital but also it was important for others in terms of religional care and its key location between east and west. This makes Istanbul always under Islamic-Arabian attacks both because of location and religional importance. Although these attacks could not reach their aim, Arabic pilgrims searched some architectural shares to be a partner of Istanbul. Mosque is the key building to settle an partnership with Istanbul. With an partnership in other words legend was always increased. This intention also affects architecture somehow with some symbolic buildings that Arap Cami is important one because of having claim of the first Islamic construction in Istanbul. This study seeks to understand reasons of naming a Latin church which probably was constructed on an old Byzantion church firstly as a mosque of Mesleme by giving some Islamic symbolic meanings. In order to get some clues about what makes Istanbul as legendary Arabs and also Muslims, how they tried to gain ownership of this capital not truly but metaphorically or symbolically. Starting from Arap Cami as case study archives, records and travellers scripts will be major research sources for this study. Historians of Istanbul had tendency to mention about this city as God's city with regards to being Constantinopolis or Istanbul. Because settling of Istanbul at the beginning held by emperor who represented as God on earth. For Muslims conquering of this city has significant and symbolic importance in consequence of prophet's words: 'Such a glorious commander who conquered Istanbul, such a glorious soldier who conquer Istanbul'. Arap Cami is important because of having an origins speculations tries to settle desiring relation with Constantinopolis. Anonymous mouths who established legends and myths put in to contact with both their roots and anyone who would listen. Purpose of study is investigating effects of origin speculation in terms of architecture.Article Through City Miniatures of Matrakci Nasuh Analyzing Bitlis With Regards To History of Architecture(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2016) Gelişkan, Nil NadireBitlis is an important historical city that was settled on important trade roads between Asia and Mediterranean as a kind of market bridge since the beginning of history. Because of having such important position between mountains as a valley of Bitlis river makes this city precious on a very high plateau at the end of Eastern Taurus. With the victory of Malazgirt in 1071 city is frequented by the Turkish army after that point Seljuks became the ruler of Bitlis. Since that time Bitlis owned the essence of open-air museum even today because of having so many Seljuks monuments. The importance of historical background and vital location of city has not been reflected in the historical sources as anticipated. Domestic and foreign travelers who visits Bitlis somehow keep travel diaries which are reference guides today in order to have an idea about the situation of the city at that time, events, places and people in light of the author's owns style and vision. In this context, especially Evliya Celebi who visited Bitlis in 1655 is at the first place. Travelers records have been documented as visual map through Matrakci Nasuh. Between 1533 and 1536 Kanuni Sultan Suleyman organized a campaign and through their journey all ranges were they crossed he noted a book which is called as Beyan-i Menazil-i Sefer-i Irakeyn Suleyman Han or Description of the Stages of His Imperial Majesty Sultan Suleyman's Campaign in Two Iraqs (the 'two Iraqs' of the title refer to areas that are today Western Iran and Iraq) has consisted of 90 pages, 107 miniatures and 25 illustrated texts. Matrakci Nasuh has recorded representations of the cities making them almost appropriate exactly to their origin. In this context, this study would be the first study of Bitlis which is aimed to build city inventory of Bitlis in 16th century view collaborating with miniature of Matrakci Nasuh. Method of the study as depicted through the city which is the only document of the 16th century, structures which are still standing today, overlaid with the technical drawings of buildings and photographs describing the current situations will be discussed with the travelers records from past.