Architecture / Mimarlık

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/24

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Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 1
Socio-Economic and Development Disparities Over the Long-Run: Exploring Spatial Heterogeneities in the Case of Turkey
(Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2024) Duran, Hasan Engin; Cifci, Burcu Degerli; Karabakan, Berfin; Dogan, Fehmi
The aim of this paper is to explore the evolution of socioeconomic development and income disparities and convergence patterns across Turkish provinces, emphasizing the impact of spatial heterogeneities. We propose two types of contributions to the literature. First, most of the studies that apply the 13- convergence method presume a unique 13 parameter, assuming that all regions homogenously converge to the steady state at the same pace. However, we argue that relaxing this assumption by way of considering spatial heterogeneities might be more informative. Second, we provide a simple solution to a severe problem: The neoclassical model assumes a monotonic saddle path along which economic fluctuations are not considered, which might be particularly influential with regard to convergence when the time span is too short to capture long-term evolution. Many empirical studies cover only short periods, which may be easily dominated by recessions or expansions, significantly biasing the results. To overcome this problem, we look into two datasets covering long periods (1963-2017 and 1975-2021). Having applied various empirical methods, such as spatial regressions, GWR and nonparametric regressions, we obtain several results. First, at the country level, there is empirical evidence of regional convergence and decreasing development inequalities. Second, however, this convergence process is not valid in all areas. We conclude that there is nonnegligible spatial heterogeneity that should be taken into account in such analyses.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Factors Affecting Tourist Visits To Archaeological Sites in Turkey: a Spatial Regression Analysis
(Lodz University Press, 2023) Toköz, Ö.D.; Avci, A.B.; Duran, H.E.
The study focuses on the factors affecting visitor numbers to archaeological sites in Turkey. The aim is to investigate the geographical, economic, and demographic factors underlying the visits using statistical methods. The study covers 117 archaeological site visits in 2019. Although existing studies analysed determinants of visits to archaeological sites of different countries, the evidence needs to be explicit. Methodologically, the classical linear regression models are primarily applied in the literature, whereas the incorporation of spatial dependence has largely been ignored. This study contributes to the literature by employing demographic, economic, and climatic factors and spatial relations between the sites. Therefore, spatial autoregressive (SAR) and spatial error models (SEM) are developed in the analyses. According to the results, WHL inscription and distance to the city centre are crucial factors for the visits. In addition, the study emphasizes the significant negative effect of spatial dependence on visitor numbers of archaeological sites near each other. © by the author, licensee Łódź University – Łódź University Press, Łódź, Poland.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 2
Monitoring Soil Degradation Processes for Ecological Compensation in the Izmir Institute of Technology Campus (turkey)
(Mdpi, 2022) Salata, Stefano; Couch, Virginia Thompson
Monitoring changing environmental conditions for short-term periods is a key aspect of adaptive urban planning. Unfortunately, the official environmental datasets are often produced at too large time intervals, and sometimes the speed of urban transformation requires real-time monitoring data. In this work we employed ESRI ArcGIS (ver. 10.8.1) to process two normalized difference vegetation indices for the campus area of the Izmir Institute of Technology (Turkey). The area of this campus constitutes an optimal site for testing whether alterations to the soil due to excavation and new construction can be monitored in small areas of land. We downloaded two different Sentinel acquisitions from the Copernicus ONDA DIAS platform: one taken on 28 March 2021 and the second taken on 13 March 2022. We processed the images while elaborating the normalized difference vegetation index for both years and compared them. Results demonstrate that all major and minor soil degradations on the campus during the intervening year were detected and empirically quantified in terms of NDVI reduction (abrupt changes). These findings confirm that detailed seasonal environmental monitoring of every part of the world is now possible using semi-automatic procedures to process original Sentinel data and recommend site-specific ecological compensation measures.
An Attempt To Read the Change in Aesthetics by Reading Deleuze: the Iaa and Sanart Conferences on Aesthetics
(Universidad de Oviedo, 2023) Kök, Saadet; Akpınar, İpek
As a result of processes such as social-political and environmental crises, globalization and innovative technological developments, which are evaluated on the basis of speed and urgency, we are faced with a result-oriented, reductionist, ethical and aesthetic world. This work reveals the relationship between aesthetics and the changing world. In this context, this study, which focuses on the themes of the International Aesthetics Association (IAA) and Aesthetics and Visual Culture Association (SANART) congresses, reads the relationship of aesthetics with our changing world through Gilles Deleuze's 'philosophy of difference'. In this framework, the study chronologically analyzes the relationship between themes and the call for congress papers with Deleuze's terms. The study evaluates the conceptual framework of the congresses of SANART and IAA associations, corresponding to Deleuze's concept of 'system'. The events organized by each association at regular intervals are the 'series' that make up the systems. In this context, the study reads the concepts both in the series they belong to and in their verbal identities in other series. In other words, the study, which analyzes the dynamic and static repetitions of the concepts in congress themes and call texts, questions the fields of external and conceptual difference. The data obtained in this study were categorized and interpreted as series, horizontal series and vertical series.
Citation - WoS: 3
Examining the Effect of Learning Environment on Student Behaviour Through Comparison of Face-To and Online Design Studio
(2023) Doğan, Ceren; Yılmaz, Ebru
Covid-19 pandemic has affected the field of education, and transition to the distance learning has led to changes in the learning environment and pedagogical transformations. In this process, design studios, which are the basis of architectural education, were also maintained on online platforms. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the rapid learning environment change in the architectural design studio due to the Covid-19 pandemic on student behaviour. Examining students’ holistic perspectives and behaviours based on their experience in face- to-face design studios and online design studios, this research attempts to reveal the potential and challenges of face-to-face and online studios. In this study, students’ behavioural changes regarding face-to-face studio and online studio were measured using the survey method, and these two learning environments were interpreted over six themes (peer learning, socially mediated learning, self-efficacy, self-regulation, motivation, and communication with the instructor) by using the survey results, the course structure and the theoretical framework. The findings reveal that change in the learning environment affects student behaviour and that face-to-face design studios and online design studios have different potentials and limitations. In addition, the course structure of the face-to-face studio and online studio, the tools and methods used in learning, the way of communication and collaboration vary depending on the structure of the learning environment. This study reveals that the face-to-face design studio is a learning environment where the social structure of the studio is developed, peer learning is supported, and methods such as physical model and hand-sketching are used as well as digital tools during communication with the instructor. It shows that the most important potentials of the online studio are that it offers a flexible learning environment, does not have time and place restrictions, allows for cross-cultural and inter-institutional collaboration, and supports self-study. As a result, the research shows that online studio experiences gained during the pandemic period can offer the opportunity to create blended learning environments by adding online features to the traditional face-to-face studio.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 5
De-Sealing Reverses Habitat Decay More Than Increasing Groundcover Vegetation
(MDPI, 2023) Couch, Virginia; Salata, Stefano; Saygın, Nicel; Frary, Anne; Arslan, Bertan
Modeling ecosystem services is a growing trend in scientific research, and Nature-based Solutions (NbSs) are increasingly used by land-use planners and environmental designers to achieve improved adaptation to climate change and mitigation of the negative effects of climate change. Predictions of ecological benefits of NbSs are needed early in design to support decision making. In this study, we used ecological analysis to predict the benefits of two NbSs applied to a university masterplan and adjusted our preliminary design strategy according to the first modeling results. Our Area of Interest was the IZTECH campus, which is located in a rural area of the eastern Mediterranean region (Izmir/Turkey). A primary design goal was to improve habitat quality by revitalizing soil. Customized analysis of the Baseline Condition and two NbSs scenarios was achieved by using local values obtained from a high-resolution photogrammetric scan of the catchment to produce flow accumulation and habitat quality indexes. Results indicate that anthropogenic features are the primary cause of habitat decay and that decreasing imperviousness reduces habitat decay significantly more than adding vegetation. This study creates a method of supporting sustainability goals by quickly testing alternative NbSs. The main innovation is demonstrating that early approximation of the ecological benefits of NbSs can inform preliminary design strategy. The proposed model may be calibrated to address specific environmental challenges of a given location and test other forms of NbSs.
Eğitim yapılarında asansör trafik analizi yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılmasına yönelik bir araştırma
(Gazi Üniversitesi, 2023) Deligöz, Dostcan; Harputlugil, Timuçin
Purpose: Regarding elevator design in educational buildings; It is aimed to investigate the legal framework, to integrate dynamic simulation programs to design process, to compare traditional and dynamic simulation methods, to evaluate the adequacy of elevator features specified in the legislation and to determine the optimum scenarios according to the minimum requirements.Theory and Methods: Based on the findings of the literature review, which examines the issue of elevator traffic analysis together with the legislation and regulations, the carrying capacities of the elevators in the educational buildings designed by the Ministry of National Education (MNE) are tested. The stability of the system is tested by analyzing the conditions where only the disabled, disabled and building workers can be used together and all building users can use the elevators with the dynamic simulation method (with Elevate Software). The limits of the system are determined based on the waiting times during the peak usage periods. The findings of the study are evaluated according to the waiting times determined by CIBSE Guide D and the Chamber of Mechanical Engineers followed by the discussion of the outcomes.Results: The issue of elevator design has been overlooked in educational buildings, and a comprehensive elevator traffic analysis method has not been defined. For the effective use of all occupants, elevator design should be handled comprehensively with considering potentials of dynamic simulation method.Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, it is noted that the number and capacity of elevators in the legislation for educational buildings are determined only for minimum conditions and for disabled users. In addition, the legislation (considering calculation methodology) is not specific for educational buildings but related with buildings in general with public use. Considering the occupants, and their profiles of the educational buildings, a more comprehensive traffic analysis with the dynamic simulation method may enable the elevators to be designed and to be used more efficiently.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 6
An Investigation of the Design Process's Effect on a High-Performance Building's Actual Energy System Performance
(Ios Press, 2022) Terim Çavka, Belgin; Çavka, Hasan Burak; Salehi, M. Mahdi
The design intent and the performance targets of projects may sometimes fail to match a building's actual post-occupancy performance. The mismatch of intended and actual building performance can be attributed to multifarious reasons. This study focuses on the role of project decisions made during design as one of the reasons of shortfall. The aim of the study is to unveil the design decision-making process of a state-of-the-art research building through the analysis of project's available set of IDP (Integrated Design Process) documentation. To understand the relationship and correlation between the energy performance gap and the decision-making process of the case building, we investigated the design decisions' effect on the actual performance. The particular emphasis is on the decisions that were based on assumptions rather than measured actual test data for the proposed innovative building systems. The designed heat recovery system, which was dependent on recovered heat from the neighboring research building, had a significant effect on the building's poor energy performance. We investigated collected project data from coordination meetings, thoroughly analyzed project documentation, and quantified the building's actual energy performance data. The analysis of the project information shows the ripple effect of decisions that were made based on assumptions, that triggered shortfalls in the building's overall actual performance. Our qualitative analysis indicates that the poor system performance during operations was related with the design decisions that were not based on the measurement of the actual performance of the existing systems in the neighboring building. The performance of the heat recovery from the neighboring building as a highly dependent Energy Conservation Measure (ECM) analyzed through collected documents and data. The ambiguity of the available heat potential from the neighboring building and related testing issues defined on an explanatory timeline of process coding. The conclusion includes recommendations for the design decision-making process for innovative system integrations for high-performance buildings, and underlines the importance of IDP for complex buildings.
Dataset of Virtual and Real-Life Visual Experiences Inside a Museum: Survey on Visual Perception With Objective and Subjective Measures
(Elsevier, 2023) Salvadori, Giacomo; Tambellini, Giuseppe; Çevik, Aslıhan; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe; Leccese, Francesco
Occupants’ perception of a space depends on their experience [1–3]. Four kinds of visiting experiences were carried out inside the Natural History Museum of the University of Pisa [4]. The museum is housed, together with the National Museum of the Charterhouse [5], inside the Monumental Charterhouse of Calci, near Pisa. Four of the permanent exhibition halls of the Museum were selected for the survey: Historical Gallery, Mammal's Hall, Ungulates’ Gallery and Cetaceans’ Gallery. A total of 117 participants were divided into four groups depending on their visiting experience: real-life, or virtual based respectively on videos, photos or computer-generated photorealistic images (renders). Experiences are compared. The comparison comprehends objective data (measured illuminance levels) and subjective data (questionnaire outcomes on the perception of the space). The illuminance levels were measured using a photoradiometer: datalogger Delta Ohm HD2102.2 equipped with LP 471 PHOT probe. The probe was placed 1.20 m above floor level, and it was set to measure vertical illuminance at 10 seconds intervals. To evaluate participants’ perception of the space questionnaires were used. The presented data refer to the article: “Perception of light in museum environments: comparison between real-life and virtual visual experiences” [1]. This kind of data provides a base to assess if virtual kinds of experience can be implemented in museum environments as an alternative to the real-life experience, and to understand if such an implementation is detrimental or not in terms of participants’ perception of the space. Virtual experiences can be particularly useful for spreading culture, making it accessible even in presence of moving restrictions for people, such as those in force today due to the SARS-CoV-2 emergency.
Geleneksel Konutlarda Günışığı Aydınlığının Değerlendirilmesi: Kula Geleneksel Konutlarında Başoda
(Gazi Üniversitesi, 2023) Battal, Cansu; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe; İpekoğlu, Başak
Daylighting is one of the main factors among the features that determine the original space qualities in traditional houses. Illuminating the space with daylight also determines its ambience. Daylighting criteria should be considered among the features to be preserved in the usage decisions. In traditional dwellings in Anatolia, the main room is the most lavish room, which has projections and is surrounded by windows on three sides. Therefore, in the buildings which are conserved for reuse, the main room should maintain its original daylighting features. The aim of this study is to draw attention to the maintenance of daylighting features in the restoration decisions of traditional dwellings. Within the scope of the study, daylight performance of the main rooms of Kaçiklar and Zabunlar Houses selected in Kula, Manisa was evaluated. The daylight illuminance of the main rooms was measured during the four seasons; by calculating the ratio of the window area to the floor and wall areas, reflectance of surface materials and normal-normal transmittance of window glass were calculated. Results showed that daylight illuminance of the main room in Kaçiklar House was not sufficient for all four seasons, while it was in Zabunlar House. As a result, while the restoration decisions are developed, opening the closed window in the main room of Kaçiklar House, cleaning the paint on the top windows and and selecting a light-coloured wall finishing material will increase the reflectance value and will positively affect the daylight illuminance; in Zabunlar House, on the other hand, removing the existing wooden glazing in the sofa in order to increase the daylight provided through the sofa and increasing the reflectance value by choosing a light-coloured wall finishing material will increase the daylight illuminance of the main room.

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