Demir, Hasan
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Demir, H.
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03.02. Department of Chemical Engineering
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Documents
45
Citations
1729
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14
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11
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14071/11845
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1
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1404
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1558
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100.29
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14
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2
| Journal | Count |
|---|---|
| Polymer Degradation and Stability | 3 |
| Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing | 1 |
| International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer | 1 |
| International Journal of Refrigeration | 1 |
| Journal of Hazardous Materials | 1 |
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Now showing 1 - 10 of 14
Doctoral Thesis An Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Improvement of Adsorption Heat Pump Performance(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2008) Demir, Hasan; Ülkü, SemraAdsorption heat pumps, which have considerably sparked attentions in recent years, have the advantage of being environmentally friendly and operating with heat sources such as waste heat, solar and geothermal energies as well as storing the energy.The present investigation covers working principle of adsorption heat pumps, a detailed literature survey on the performed studies, information about adsorption phenomena, experimental results of two differently designed and constructed systems, numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in an annular adsorbent bed, and microcalorimetric study for obtaining isosteric heat of adsorption for water vapor-silica gel pair. The two intermittent adsorption heat pumps can operate without any leakage. The silica gelwater was employed as the adsorbent-adsorbate pair in both of the systems. The temperature and pressure in the evaporator, condenser and adsorbent bed were measured and the coefficients of performance, total entropy generation, the second law efficiency, specific heating and cooling power values were calculated based on these measured values for all of the representative cycles. The heat transfer area of the second designed adsorption heat pump is 550% greater than the first designed adsorption heat pump and this increase resulted in 170% and 200% of improvements in specific heating power (SHP) and specific cooling power (SCP) values respectively. The silica gel granules were mixed with small size metal pieces in order to accelerate heat transfer in the bed. Experiments were performed to measure the thermal diffusivity through the adsorbent bed in which adsorbent is mixed with metal pieces. It was observed that the mixing of silica gel grains with 10wt% of small size aluminum pieces increases the SHP and SCP values of the second heat pump by 250%.Article Citation - WoS: 51Citation - Scopus: 58Effect of Additives on Flexible Pvc Foam Formation(Elsevier Ltd., 2008) Demir, Hasan; Sipahioğlu, Muzaffer; Balköse, Devrim; Ülkü, SemraIn this study, effects of Ca/Zn stearate and organotin heat stabilizers and zeolite, CaCO3, cellulose and luffa flours fillers, and their concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 and 20% by weight) on production of flexible PVC foams by chemical blowing agent, azodicarbonamide were investigated. Foam morphology, foam density, compressive mechanical properties and water uptake capacities of samples were determined. Morphology of the sample without any filler showed that employment of Ca stearate and Zn stearate heat stabilizers instead of organotin stabilizers increases foam formation and decreases pore sizes and regularity in pore size distribution. Foams having organotin stabilizer were more resistant to heat than the ones with Ca/Zn stearate for long heating periods. Foams, including organotin-based heat stabilizers, have compact structure. It was observed that, samples containing zeolite, CaCO3, cellulose or luffa flour had lower pore volume but higher Young's modulus and stress values compared to unfilled samples.Article Citation - WoS: 262Citation - Scopus: 286Dye Adsorption Behavior of Luffa Cylindrica Fibers(Elsevier Ltd., 2008) Demir, Hasan; Top, Ayben; Balköse, Devrim; Ülkü, SemraUsing natural Luffa cylindrica fibers as adsorbent removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions at different temperatures and dye concentrations was investigated in this study. Thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption were also investigated. The adsorption isotherms could be well defined with Langmuir model instead of Freundlich model. The thermodynamic parameters of methylene blue (MB) adsorption indicated that the adsorption is exothermic and spontaneous. The average MB adsorption capacity was found out as 49 mg/g and average BET surface area of fibers was calculated as 123 m2/g.Article Citation - WoS: 187Citation - Scopus: 208Synergistic Effect of Natural Zeolites on Flame Retardant Additives(Elsevier Ltd., 2005) Demir, Hasan; Arkış, Esen; Balköse, Devrim; Ülkü, SemraThe thermal degradation and flammability of intumescent fire-retardant polypropylene matrix composites consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as an acid source and blowing agent, pentaerythritol (PER) as a carbonisation agent and natural zeolite (clinoptilolite rich, Gördes II) as a synergistic agent were examined. APP and PER combinations were examined at different ratios (0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4) for optimisation of the formulation for flame retardancy. The zeolite was incorporated into flame retardant formulation at four different concentrations (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt%) to investigate the synergism between the flame retardant materials. The thermal degradation and flammability of composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and by limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurement and horizontal burning (HB) tests. A synergistic effect in flame retardancy was observed when natural zeolites were used in combination with APP and PER.Article Citation - WoS: 71Citation - Scopus: 87Influence of Surface Modification of Fillers and Polymer on Flammability and Tensile Behaviour of Polypropylene-Composites(Elsevier Ltd., 2006) Demir, Hasan; Balköse, Devrim; Ülkü, SemraAn intumescent system consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as an acid source and blowing agent, pentaerythritol (PER) as a carbonific agent and natural zeolite (clinoptilolite, Gördes II) as a synergistic agent was used in this study to enhance flame retardancy of polypropylene (FR-PP). Zeolite was incorporated into flame retardant formulation at four different concentrations (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt%) to investigate synergism with the flame retardant materials. Filler content was fixed at 30 wt% of total amounts of flame retardant PP composites. Zeolite and APP were treated with two different coupling agents namely, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol and (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane for investigation of the influence of surface treatments on mechanical properties and flame retardant performance of composites. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used for making polypropylene hydrophilic. Flammability of FR-PP composites was measured by the determination of limiting oxygen index (LOI). The LOI values reached to a maximum value of 41% for mercapto silane treated APP:PER (2:1) PP composite containing 5 wt% zeolite. The tensile strength of composites was increased by the addition of MAPP and elongation at break of composites was increased with silane treatments.Book Part Water Sorption of Polyvinyl Chloride-Luffa Cylindrica Composites(Taylor & Francis, 2014) Demir, Hasan; Balköse, DevrimNatural Luffa Cylindrica fibers were modified with 0.1M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for removing lignin and hemicellulose. Natural and modified Luffa fibers were characterized by using IR spectroscopy. Composites were produced with PVC plastisol and natural Luffa fiber. Natural Luffa fiber is a highly hydrophilic substance. This feature increased the water sorption capacity of the composites. Flexible PVC-luffa cylindrica composites had higher liquid water sorption capacity (0.3-0.6%) compared to that of flexible PVC (0.1%). There was no volume change of composites due to liquid water sorption.Article Citation - WoS: 35Citation - Scopus: 39Optimisation of the Effect of Colemanite as a New Synergistic Agent in an Intumescent System(Elsevier Ltd., 2006) Atikler, Ulaş; Demir, Hasan; Tokatlı, Figen; Tıhmınlıoğlu, Funda; Balköse, Devrim; Ülkü, SemraAn intumescent system including ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as an acid source and blowing agent, pentaerythritol (PER) as a carbonific agent and colemanite as a synergistic agent is used to enhance flame retardancy of polypropylene (FR-PP). In order to investigate the synergism between colemanite and the flame retardant materials (APP and PER), D-optimal mixture design was employed. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) and amount of residue (AoR) were accepted as response 1 and response 2, respectively. Applying D-optimal strategy, 18 experiments were performed. Filler content was fixed at 30 wt% of total amounts of flame retardant PP composites. Constraints were determined according to the ratio of APP/PER ranging between 1 and 3. Statistical analysis of the cubic model revealed that lack of fit (LoF) was not significant for the cubic and linear model for both responses. The model suggested an optimum composite formulation with concentration levels 65% of APP, 28% of PER and 7% of colemanite that gives an LOI of 40.3. The experimental LOI and AoR of optimum formulation were achieved as 39.3 and 21.4 with 2.5% and 2.2% errors, respectively.Article Citation - WoS: 23Citation - Scopus: 25Microcalorimetric Investigation of Water Vapor Adsorption on Silica Gel(Springer Verlag, 2011) Demir, Hasan; Mobedi, Moghtada; Ülkü, SemraWater vapor adsorption on silica gel was investigated using Tian-Calvet-type microcalorimetry. Differential heat of adsorption data was obtained. The setup of microcalorimetry was used volumetric system to determine adsorption isotherms of water vapor-silica gel. The Langmuir model was used in the interpretation of the adsorption data. The Clausius-Clapeyron diagram was also given. Effective mass diffusivity of water vapor in the silica gel particle as a function of temperature was also determined. The silica gel, which was degassed under vacuum at 10 -7 mbar and 120 °C for 18 h, was found to adsorb 0.6, 0.98, 1.1, 1.4, 2, 3.5, 11, 13, and 14 wt% water vapor at 120, 110, 100, 90, 75, 60, 40, 35, and 30 °C, respectively. The diffusivities of water vapor inside the silica gel for short- and long-range periods were described using kinetics data as a function of temperature in the Arrhenius form.Master Thesis Synergistic Effect of Natural Zeolites on Flame Retardant Additives(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2004) Demir, Hasan; Ülkü, SemraIntumescent flame retardant systems were proposed to increase flame retardancy performance of polymers without environmental hazard. An intumescent system consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as an acid source and blowing agent, pentaerythritol (PER) as a carbonific agent and natural zeolite (clinoptilolite, Gördes II) as a synergistic agent was used in this study for flame retardancy of polypropylene (PP). APP and PER combination were examined at different ratios (0.25, 0.33, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4) for optimization of formulation of flame retardancy. The zeolite was incorporated into flame retardant formulation at four different concentrations (1,2, 5, and 10wt%) to investigate synergism with the flame retardant materials. Filler content was fixed at 30w% of total amounts of flame retardant PP composites. The zeolite and APP were treated with two different coupling agents namely, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-Propanethiol and (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane for consideration influence of surface treatments on mechanical properties and flame retardant performance of composites.To investigate thermal behaviour of flame retardant PP composites with and without zeolite, samples were heated on optic microscope hot stage. Both of the composites behaved similarly during heating from room temperature to 203oC. Molten pentaerythritol was observed as a second phase in molten polypropylene at 203 oC. Bubble formations were not observed. Flame retardants did not cause any foam formation during processing of mixture at 190oC in rheomixer and hot press. SEM pictures of non-burnt and burnt flame retardant (FR) PP composites with and without zeolites did not reveal significant difference considering foam size and shape compared to composites without zeolite. Zeolite crystals did not exhibit any deformation during burning of composite.Flammability of FR-PP composites were determined by UL-94 flame test in air. Burning rate of composite was measured for flammable composite in atmospheric condition. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) test method provided measuring the minimum concentration of oxygen in a flowing mixture of oxygen and nitrogen that supports combustion of pure PP, zeolite reinforced PP and flame retardant PP composites. The best flame retardant performance was achieved with APP:PER(3:1)+PP+2% zeolite and APP:PER(2:1)+PP+5% zeolite formulations, exhibiting 37.4 and 38% LOI values respectively. LOI values reached maximum value 41% with mercapto silane treated APP:PER(2:1) at 5w% Zeolite PP composite Young's modulus of composites decreased with increasing amounts of APP in composite on the contrary to their elongation at break properties.Article Citation - WoS: 62Citation - Scopus: 64Effects of Porosity on Heat and Mass Transfer in a Granular Adsorbent Bed(Elsevier Ltd., 2009) Demir, Hasan; Mobedi, Moghtada; Ülkü, SemraIn the present study, the mechanism of heat and mass transfer in an annulus adsorbent is handled. The heat and mass transfer equations for the adsorbent bed and the mass balance equation for the adsorbent granules are numerically solved to obtain the distributions of temperature, pressure, adsorptive density and adsorbate concentration in the adsorbent bed. The study is performed for the silica gel-water pair and for three different values of porosity as 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3. The distributions of temperature and adsorbate concentration are considerably influenced from the bed porosity. The adsorption period increases with the increase of the porosity value. The porosity affects the pressure and adsorptive density distributions at the beginning of the process and after a relatively short time, the averages of these dependent variables approach to the final equilibrium state.