Ahmed, Areeb
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Ahmed, A
Ahmed, A.
Ahmed, A.
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03.05. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
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| Journal | Count |
|---|---|
| IET Communications | 3 |
| 2019 Scientific Meeting on Electrical-Electronics & Biomedical Engineering and Computer Science (EBBT) | 2 |
| Fluctuation and Noise Letters | 1 |
| Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers | 1 |
| Recent Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering | 1 |
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Doctoral Thesis Random Communication Systems Based on Alpha-Stable Processes(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2018) Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit Acar; Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit AcarThis thesis presents alpha-stable carrier based random communication systems (RCSs) as an alternate way to perform covert transmission. The first objective is to develop an optimized model of RCS which consists of a receiver that requires less computational complexity and outperforms the previously proposed receivers. Next, in order to solve the existing synchronization issue in RCSs, the general behavior of fractional lower-order covariance method in α-stable noise environments has been evaluated to establish synchronization in RCSs. An optimized range of values for the associated parameters of α-stable carrier has also been presented to optimize the proposed synchronization method. The second objective is to establish criteria for evaluating and quantifying the security and covertness of RCSs. Therefore, the first security performance tradeoff characteristics (SPTC) have been proposed to compare the security of different RCSs. Moreover, the proposed optimized model of RCS has also been analyzed with respect to the developed security scale, i.e. SPTC. Secondly, the criterion to quantify the covertness of RCSs has also been developed to analyze the proposed RCS. Thirdly, an attack for RCS has also been proposed which highlights the potential vulnerabilities of RCSs. However, the counter-measure guidelines have been prescribed to further enhance the security of RCSs. An inverse system approach has been adopted to propose α-stable noise driven linear time invariant system based transmitter and its corresponding inverse system based receiver as a third objective. It can be considered as the most secure model for αstable noise carrier based RCS till now.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 8Covert Electromagnetic Nanoscale Communication System in the Terahertz Channel(World Scientific Publishing, 2020) Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit AcarIn this paper, an electromagnetic nano random communication system (EM-nRCS) has been proposed which ensures covert communication in the terahertz (THz) band. In the proposed system, the skewed alpha-stable noise shift keying method has been used to transmit random noise signals (RNSs) from the nano-transmitter (NT) by utilizing single-walled/carbon nanotubes-based true random number generator (SWCNTs-TRNG) and a graphene-based nano-antenna. A line-of-sight THz transparency window between 0.1 THz and 0.5 THz in the THz channel with spreading loss, molecular absorption loss and molecular absorption noise has been considered. Due to the broadband nature of the RNSs, the proposed EM-nRCS provides efficient transmission by overcoming the high path loss and intense channel noise arising from random fluctuations in the THz band. Non-coherent nano-receiver (NR) consisting of the modified extreme value method (MEVM) estimator has been proposed to extract the hidden binary information in the received RNSs. The bit error rate performance shows that the proposed EM-nRCS ensures high performance and covertness for future EM nanoscale communication devices.Article Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 16Random Communication System Based on Skewed Alpha-Stable Levy Noise Shift Keying(World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte Ltd, 2017) Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit AcarThe digital communication system is based on the skewed alpha-stable (α-stable) noise sequence which is chosen as the random carrier to modulate the binary message at the transmitter side. Antipodal characteristic of the skew parameter beta (β) is exploited for decoding information at the receiver side to obtain a secure communication system. A fast estimator used in this paper is based on Modified Extreme Value Method (MEVM) to extract the binary message from the signal received through the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. Our proposed receiver is achieving better bit error rate (BER) versus Mixed Signal to Noise Ratio (MSNR) than previously introduced receivers which are based on Sinc and Logarithmic estimators. MEVM estimator is indeed less complex compared to the Sinc and Logarithmic estimators and hence more fast. Additionally, the criterion to measure the security level of random communication system, which is based on α-stable noise sequence, has also been introduced.Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 13Synchronisation of Alpha-Stable Levy Noisebased Random Communication System(Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018) Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit AcarIn this study, the pilot-assisted synchronisation method for a random communication system (RCS) has been proposed. The pilot symbol, which has alpha-stable distribution, has been used to establish synchronisation and to maintain covertness in the RCS. The introduced synchronisation block (SB) consists of fractional lower-order covariance-based correlators (FLOCCs), threshold detectors (TDs) and the synchronisation control block. To measure the performance of the proposed SB, the performance criterion, i.e. confidence ratio (CR), has been proposed. The reliability of the proposed SB can be enhanced by altering the CR and the achieved CR by using the FLOCCs and TDs in SB.Conference Object Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 12Measure of Covertness Based on the Imperfect Synchronization of an Eavesdropper in Random Communication Systems(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit AcarRandom Communication Systems (RCSs) given in the literature have assumed perfectly synchronized transmitter and receiver. However in this paper, instead of assuming perfect synchronization approach in RCSs, the effects of imperfect synchronization (IS) on Skewed Alpha-Stable Noise Shift Keying (SkaS-NSK) based RCS have been observed through simulations. The Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the eavesdropper with respect to his synchronization error in SkaS-NSK based RCS, has been analyzed. An expression for the probability of an eavesdropper to decode the binary information (i.e., Eavesdropping Probability) in SkaS-NSK based RCS, has been derived. The criterion (i.e., Covertness Value) to measure the covertness level of RCSs has also been proposed. The BER performance of an eavesdropper provides an approximate margin of synchronization error if it can be overcome by an eavesdropper then he can achieve the decoding (i.e., eavesdropping) process.Article Sign of Slant Receiver for Skewed Alpha-Stable Noise Shift Keying-Based Random Communication System(Emerald Publishing, 2025) Ahmed, A.; Savaci, F.A.Purpose: In contrast to traditional communication systems, slower data rate has always remained a weak link for non-traditional random communication systems (RCSs), which use alpha-stable (a-stable) noise as a carrier. This paper aims to introduce a fast receiver for skewed a-stable noise shift keying (SkaSNSK)-based RCSs. Design/methodology/approach: The introduced receiver is based on the sign of slant estimator (SoSE), which provides rapid estimation of the skewed a-stable random noise signals (RNSs) received from the additive white Gaussian noise channel. The SoSE-based receiver minimizes the number of samples required to extract the encoded information from the received RNSs. This is achieved by manipulating the antipodal properties of the slant/skewness parameter of the a-stable carrier. Hence, a high data rate with relatively low complexity is guaranteed. Findings: In comparison with the previously introduced sinc, logarithmic and modified extreme value method-based receivers, the proposed SoSE-based receiver also achieves improved bit error rate (BER) along with the better covertness values so that the essence of security provided by SkaSNSK-based RCSs remains intact. Research limitations/implications: Because of the selected range of the associated parameters of the a-stable noise as a carrier, the BER vs MSNR results are may lack applicability for the complete range of values. Therefore, further research is required to produce results in different ranges. Practical implications: The study includes implications for the hardware development based on the proposed communication scheme. Originality/value: It can be seen that the paper fulfils the desired need of a fast receiver design for RCS. © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 2Blind Recognition of Alpha-Stable Random Carrier Signals by an Eavesdropper in Random Communication Systems(Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2019) Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit AcarInvisibility of alpha-stable (alpha -stable) noise as carrier signals, in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) as channel noise, is a key factor to ensure covert transmission by employing random communication systems (RCSs). This study introduces a novel blind recognition method for an eavesdropper to detect the presence of real-valued symmetric and skewed alpha -stable random carrier signals in the presence of AWGN. The introduced method is based on the proposed random carrier signal recogniser (RCSR), which consists of fractional lower-order auto-covariance block, threshold control block and the random carrier signal recognition indicator. The proposed RCSR first detects the possible presence of alpha -stable random carrier signals and then recognises the impulsiveness and skewness parameters, exploited by the transmitter and the intended receiver, to extract covertly conveyed binary information. However, the determined covert range can be adopted to perform secure transmission by RCSs. The simulation results reflect the simplicity of the proposed method as it is capable of performing effectively in real time by utilising extremely less number of observed samples.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 5Inverse System Approach To Design Alpha-Stable Noise Driven Random Communication System(Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2020) Savacı, Ferit Acar; Ahmed, AreebIn the proposed random communication system (RCS), the alpha-stable (alpha-stable) noise as a random carrier drives the transmitter which is modelled by the linear dynamical system and the skewness parameter of the random carrier encodes the binary messages. By selecting the receiver as the inverse system of the transmitter, the output of the receiver is ensured to be alpha-stable noise whose skewness parameters are then estimated to decode the binary messages. The response of a linear system to an alpha-stable process is again alpha-stable process, however, the skewness parameters of the response differs from that of the input which can only be recovered at the output of the inverse system. Hence, estimation of skewness parameter by an eavesdropper, without using the inverse system, will not reveal the true binary messages while the intended receiver truly decodes the binary messages. The proposed inverse system based RCS provides efficient performance which is shown by comparing the bit error rate of the intended receiver and an eavesdropper where the enhancement in covertness is shown by evaluating the covertness values of the proposed RCS.Conference Object Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 7On Optimizing Fractional Lower Order Covariance Based Synchronization Method for Random Communication Systems(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit AcarPreviously, the concept of Pilot Assisted Synchronization (PAS) and Fractional Lower Order Covariance (FLOC) has been incorporated together to synchronize alpha-stable noise based communication system which gave birth to Synchronized Random Communication Systems (SRCS). In this paper, an optimization criterion, i.e. FLOC Margin, has been proposed to improve the efficiency of the Fractional Lower Order Covariance based Correlators (FLOCCs) at the receiver side, hence, resulting in enhanced Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of SRCS. Since, the characteristic exponent and impulsiveness parameter are mainly responsible in generating and shaping up the required pilot sequence, therefore, the effects of these parameters on BER performance has also been observed by fluctuating them in their respective ranges. It has been shown that the proposed optimization criterion increases the BER efficiency of SRCS and also reveals the specific range of the characteristic exponent and impulsiveness parameter which can be exploited to achieve the optimum performance.Conference Object Role of Fractional Powers in Manuevering the Fractional Lower-Order Auto-Covariance of Symmetric Alpha-Stable Noise Signals(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019) Ahmed, Areeb; Savacı, Ferit Acar; Wahdan, Muath A.; Othman, HusamSince, Fractional Lower-Order Auto-Covariance (FLOAC) remains the only technique to quantify the similarity between alpha-stable (alpha-stable) signals, therefore, the effects of impulsiveness and skewness parameters has also been analyzed before for better generation and detection in various applications. This paper includes the detailed analysis of the FLOAC of symmetric alpha-stable (S alpha S) noise signals in order to observe the possible involvement of the associated fractional powers. The two associated fractional powers of FLOAC has been maneuvered in three possible ways to observe the probable trend of S alpha S noise signals in the presence and absence of Gaussian noise. The observation depicts that the fractional powers largely and solely affect the FLOAC when they are maneuvered collaboratively or even individually where the obtained results can be useful in improving many S alpha S noise signal processing techniques, especially, in the detection of S alpha S noise carrier signals in Random Communication Systems.