Kul, Fatma Nurşen
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Ozdemir, Fatma Nursen Kul
Kul, F. Nurşen
Özdemir, Fatma Nurşen Kul
Kul Ozdemir, Fatma Nursen
Kul, F. Nurşen
Özdemir, Fatma Nurşen Kul
Kul Ozdemir, Fatma Nursen
Job Title
Email Address
nursenkul@iyte.edu.tr
Main Affiliation
02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage
Status
Current Staff
Website
ORCID ID
Scopus Author ID
Turkish CoHE Profile ID
Google Scholar ID
WoS Researcher ID
Sustainable Development Goals
1NO POVERTY
3
Research Products
2ZERO HUNGER
3
Research Products
3GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
0
Research Products
4QUALITY EDUCATION
4
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5GENDER EQUALITY
0
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6CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION
3
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7AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY
2
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8DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
3
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9INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE
4
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10REDUCED INEQUALITIES
0
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11SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES
4
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12RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
3
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13CLIMATE ACTION
2
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14LIFE BELOW WATER
2
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15LIFE ON LAND
4
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16PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS
0
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17PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS
0
Research Products
Documents
5
Citations
2
h-index
1
This researcher does not have a WoS ID.
Scholarly Output
14
Articles
8
Views / Downloads
39260/4219
Supervised MSc Theses
6
Supervised PhD Theses
0
WoS Citation Count
2
Scopus Citation Count
2
Patents
0
Projects
0
WoS Citations per Publication
0.14
Scopus Citations per Publication
0.14
Open Access Source
8
Supervised Theses
6
| Journal | Count |
|---|---|
| Art-Sanat Dergisi | 1 |
| A/Z ITU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture | 1 |
| Cihannüma: Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi | 1 |
| Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage | 1 |
| ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning | 1 |
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14 results
Scholarly Output Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 14
Article Defining the Impacts of Historical Development Activities on Urban Heritage of Iskenderun (alexandretta)(Konya Teknik Üniversitesi, 2023) Nalça Kıssaboylu, Canan; Kul, Fatma Nurşen; Rifaioğlu, Mert NezihIskenderun, also known as Alexandretta in antiquity, has long been a strategically significant port city in the Eastern Mediterranean thanks to its natural harbour. Due to its advantageous location, the settlement began to rapidly urbanize after the mid-19th century as a result of the impacts of Ottoman and later the French Mandate period development activities. This article focuses on defining the influences of historical development activities on the urban heritage of Iskenderun by understanding and evaluating various efforts that lie behind the formation of the city as an important trade centre and port city connecting the Middle East, Asia Minor, and Europe. By doing so, the formation, development and transformation of the settlement are chronologically deciphered regarding its historical turning points: the mid-19th century Ottoman period, the beginning of the French Mandate period (1919), and the joining of Iskenderun to the Republic of Turkiye (1939). Accordingly, the characteristics of the urban form, the ways these characteristics were transformed, and the problems and strategies encountered within different periods are decoded. This decoding employed a combined methodology, including historical interpretation and case study research methods. The results of the study reveal that Iskenderun has experienced different solutions for problems of infrastructure within the different periods, as a reflection of different political understandings and public and social needs among those periods.Master Thesis Miras Sunumunda Bir Araç Olarak 3d Modelleme: 19. Yüzyıl Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir'in Dijital Rekonstrüksiyonu(2024) Tabur, Beylem Doğa; Kul, Fatma NurşenBu tez, 19. yüzyılda varlıklı bir nahiye merkezi olan ve bu zenginliğin yapılı çevreyi de şekillendirdiği; ancak günümüzde bu özelliklerini büyük oranda kaybetmiş olan Gülbahçe'nin kaybolan mirasını yorumlamak ve sunmak amacıyla dijital ortamda yeniden inşa edilmesini amaçlamıştır. Bu doğrultuda, 19. Yüzyılın Gülbahçe'si geometri tabanlı modelleme yöntemi ile modellenmiştir. Modelin güvenilirliğinin sağlanabilmesi için Türkiye ve Yunanistan'da bütün literatür ve arşiv kaynakları taranarak Gülbahçe'ye dair bilgiler derlenmiştir. Bunun sonucunda üç boyutlu dijital model, yerleşim bütünü ve etkileşim içinde olduğu çevresini de kapsayarak ve günümüzde artık var olmayan öğeleri de içerecek şekilde gerçekleştirmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak bu çalışma dijital rekonstrüksiyonu gerçekleştirilen her bir yapının güvenirlilik derecesine göre geliştirilen sunum yöntemi ile Londra Tüzüğü'nde önerildiği gibi, yalnızca dijital kopyaların oluşturulmasının ötesine geçerek görselleştirme süreçlerinin ve sonuçlarının kullanıcılar tarafından doğru şekilde anlaşılabilmesini ve değerlendirilebilmesini sağlamaktadır.Article Characteristic Architectural Elements of Traditional Barbaros Houses With a Single-Living Space and Their Relationship With Daily Life(Istanbul University Press, 2023) Saribekiroǧlu, Ş.; Kul, F.N.Barbaros is a rural settlement in Urla, Izmir, Turkey. This study aims to understand the architectural elements of Barbaros houses with a single-living space, their spatial organization, relation with daily life, and the local terminology for them. Moreover, it is aimed to reveal possible similarities and dissimilarities between architectural elements of other singleliving space rural houses in different settlements in close geography. The site survey data was collected in 2016, 2017, and 2020. Fourteen houses were examined, all of which still preserve their original spatial characteristics and architectural elements. The plans and architectural elements of each of the 14 buildings were documented in sketches and photographs. The architectural elements of each house and their characteristics, including form, material, and location in space, were analyzed. The Barbaros case was compared with other rural settlements in Çeşme, Karaburun and Urla. Oral interviews were conducted with 13 people to reveal the relationship between architectural elements and daily life. © 2023 The Author(s).Master Thesis Evaluating the Conservation Problems of Tells in Şanlıurfa(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Aynas, Delal; Kul, Fatma NurşenTells are special archaeological mound forms that provide an understanding of the history of settlement and the reciprocal interaction between humans and nature through the remains of settlements re-built in the same place. Since the tells represent the cultures of life and settlements of different periods, they should be conserved as a part of cultural heritage. However, studies in which the tells are defined as cultural heritage to be conserved are limited. Instead, these areas are considered as places to be excavated for obtaining information. The aim of this study is to understand the conservation problems of the tells through the tells in Şanlıurfa and to present conservation principles for these areas. The method of the study consists of literature review, archive survey for the tells in Şanlıurfa, and on-site examination of the selected tells via site survey. In this respect, the general characteristics, conservation problems, and potentials and values of Ayanlar Tell, Fıstıklı Tell, Gözeler Tell, Harran Tell, Kurban Tell, Sultantepe Tell, Yaylak Tell, Yeni Mahalle Tell and Zeytinli Bahçe Tell in Şanlıurfa are evaluated. The conservation problems and potentials of tells are different from each other depending on their intrinsic characteristics. As a result, general conservation approaches and principles are proposed in the light of defined and evaluated conservation problems and with the help of analyzing successfuly preserved examples. It is concluded a comprehensive and holistic perspective should be established in the conservation of the tells, considering all historical layers, as well as the present-day traditional settlement layer.Master Thesis Understanding Cultural Landscape Characteristics: the Case of Barbaros Settlement, Urla-Izmir(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2017) Sarıbekiroğlu, Şeyma; Kul, Fatma NurşenRural settlements’ heritage characteristics are threatened to extinct for many decades due to economic and social transformations. While current heritage studies indicate the importance of understanding a place with its all aspects, the issue is limited to architectural characteristics of the rural in Turkey. However, natural and cultural aspects of rural settlements, hosted life practices, used places, structures, objects are all related, and to conserve their valued characteristics, their relations should be considered not to lose their contexts. This thesis aims to understand Barbaros rural settlement, which is located in Urla, İzmir, with a holistic approach. To provide the aimed holistic view, the place is handled as a cultural landscape, which would give the most inclusive result due to its wide content including natural and cultural components, and tangible and intangible aspects. Existing methods, to understand cultural landscape and their contents are searched. As a result, the cultural landscape of Barbaros is analyzed under four headings as; natural land, agricultural land, aquatic areas and the settlement area. Tangible and intangible characteristics of each category, changes in time and correlations in between different categories are detected. The characteristics are evaluated and the ones related with traditional rural life are valued. The results of the research showed that the cultural landscape of Barbaros was strongly related with production when the life was dependent on agricultural activities. Both the activities and relations of the land decreased in time. As result, heritage values are harmed. To reveal the lost values and secure the existing ones, the detected characters and relations should be considered in a possible conservation project.Article Reconstructing Lost Heritage: Digital Presentation of 19th Century Rural Landscape of Gülbahçe (İzmir, Türkiye)(Elsevier Ltd, 2026) Tabur, Beylem Doğa; Kul, F.N.This study aims to provide an original methodological framework for the digital reconstruction of Gülbahçe, a historically layered settlement in western Anatolia, Türkiye, which has experienced significant transformations and heritage loss over time. Confronting the challenge of limited documentation regarding its original condition, the study employs hypothetical spatial assumption by integrating comparative typologies, oral history, architectural drawings, and environmental data to digitally reconstruct the village's 19th century spatial and cultural character. This character evolved dramatically following the 1922 population exchange and was further transformed in the 1970s through tourism-driven urban development, the establishment of a university campus, and counter-urbanisation triggered by pandemics and earthquakes. The novelty of this research lies in addressing a critical methodological gap within digital heritage studies by introducing a geometry-based reconstruction technique specifically created for data-scarce heritage contexts often excluded from approaches reliant on rich archival or photogrammetric datasets. The proposed method integrates limited data within a transparent, evidence-based process that presents both the reliability level and the interpretive assumptions behind each modelling decision. By producing a historically grounded and immersive digital environment, the approach responds to the technical and ethical challenges of representing lost heritage, reinforcing discussions on interpretive accountability, community memory, and intercultural dialogue. Ultimately, this interdisciplinary and ethically informed methodology positions digital reconstruction as both an analytical and communicative tool—an adaptable model for documenting, responsibly interpreting, and conveying heritage that has been physically lost but remembered for its cultural significance and is under threat from urbanisation or environmental change. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd.Master Thesis Restitution Proposals for Ruined Traditional Houses in Ildırı(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2018) Aylı, Cemre; Kul, Fatma Nurşen; Çil, ElaThis study aims to propose reliable restitution solutions for ruined residential buildings in Ildırı which overlaps the archaeological remains of Erythrai in İzmir, Turkey. The results of the study intended to be considered as one of the alternatives of solving housing shortage of the settlement. With this aim; the current legislative status of the settlement is clarified firstly. This analysis showed that the legal measures prioritizing only the archaeological remains is behind contemporary conservation approach respecting all contributing strata and it should be revised before taking any conservative measures related to the cultural landscape of Erythrai including the modern settlement of Ildırı. Secondly, the architectural characteristics of Ildırı houses are deciphered in order to provide concrete data for restitutions. Finally, the ruined residential buildings in Ildırı are examined according to their architectural characteristics along with the literature researches in order to understand how many of them have the possibility of reliable restitution proposal. The result of the study shows that only 6 of 25 ruins in Ildırı have concrete documents and sources to be able to propose reliable restitution solutions. Thus, the restoration of the ruins cannot be the only means of solving the housing shortage of the settlement. Other supportive measures should also be considered and all these measures should be made in accordance with a new legislative status which takes into consideration of cultural and natural significance of the settlement and its environs and within a management plan.Article Ildırı’nın mekansal izlerinin peşinde: Bir 19. Yüzyıl yerleşim bulmacası(Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi TÜBA, 2020) Kul, Fatma Nurşen; Çil, ElaThis paper aims to decipher the 19th century spatial characteristics of Ildırı which overlaps the archaeological remains of ancient Erythrai. This period corresponds to the Ottoman Empire’s last century when Ildırı was inhabited by Orthodox-Rum community. Ildırı experinced serious alterations and destructions during and after the population exchange. Due to both these changes and destructions as well as recent illegal construction activities, the original settlement pattern is almost disappeared in Ildırı. Increasing tourism pressure of recent years in an other factor that accelerates this disappearance. For this reason, in this paper, the spatial characteristics of 19th-century Ildırı is deciphered like a jig-saw puzzle; by tracing the clues about the place from different sources. This settlement puzzle based upon supporting the limited traces coming from the place with oral history studies and narratives of archaeologist travellers. The mentioned oral history studies composed of the narratives of both existing Turkish and former Rum inhabitants. The narratives of Rum inhabitants who experienced the pre-exchange period were obtained from the Centre of Asia Minor Studies in Athens. Interviews with Turkish inhabitants who witnessed the post-exchange period were conducted by the authors at different times between 2012 and 2014 in Ildırı. As the conclusion, the importance of oral history studies is emphasized in understanding the place, its recent history and spatial transformations of the settlements like Ildırı that experienced major transformations as well as a sharp social interruption with population exchange.Article Citation - Scopus: 1Builders and Building Tradition of Barbaros as Intangible Cultural Heritage(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2022) Sarıbekiroğlu, Şeyma; Kul, Fatma NurşenThis paper aims to document the traditional builders and their know-how in a particular geography, namely the rural settlement of Barbaros in the Urla district of Izmir, Turkey. It aims to shed light on the actors of the building traditions of Barbaros, the process of knowledge transfer among builders, and the traditional know-how related to local building materials and construction techniques as intangible cultural heritage. The research method of this study includes literature review, site survey, and study of oral history. Literature sources provided the theoretical background and limited information related to the history of Barbaros. To understand the traditional building stock in Barbaros, site surveys were conducted in 2016, 2017, and 2020. An oral history study was done with the last living builders and the relatives of late builders. These narratives provided invaluable information for answering the research questions. The results of the study contribute to the conservation of intangible heritage by recording the know-how of the last bearers of traditional construction in Barbaros. This documented experience can be used in future restoration projects not only in Barbaros but also in surrounding settlements with the same traditional construction features. The results of the study are also remarkable in terms of revealing the importance of oral history in documentation studies.Article 20. yüzyıl dönümünde Gölde (İncesu): Tarihsel ve mekansal bir okuma(2023) Eken Güney, Esra; Kul, Fatma Nurşen; Aksu Kılıç, LeylaGölde, günümüzdeki adıyla İncesu, Manisa İli, Kula İlçesi’ne bağlı kırsal bir yerleşimdir. Günümüzde nüfusunu büyük oranda kaybeden ve çoğunlukla yaşlıların yaşadığı yerleşim 19. yüzyıl boyunca ve 20. yüzyılın başında Müslüman Türk ve Ortodoks Rumların ortak yaşam alanı olmuştur. Savaş sonrasında Rumların yerleşimi terk etmesinin ardından zaman içerisinde köyden kentlere doğru artan göç hareketleriyle Gölde büyük ölçüde nüfus kaybına uğramış, buna bağlı olarak da yapılı çevrede bir dönemki ortak yaşama dair izler yok olmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma, Gölde’de iki topluluğun birlikte yaşadığı dönemi; Osmanlı arşiv vesikaları, sözlü tarih çalışmaları ve saha incelemelerinden gelen veriler ışığında çözümlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Büyük oranda özgünlüğünü koruyarak günümüze gelebilen yapılı çevre ile sözlü tarih çalışmaları ekonomik ve sosyal hayatı anlamanın yanında, yüzyıl dönümündeki fiziksel çevreyi de anlamamıza olanak sağlamaktadır. Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri yapılı çevreye dair bilgi vermemekle birlikte 19. yüzyılın özellikle ilk yarısındaki ekonomik ve sosyal durumun değişimini aktarmaktadır. Bu veriler aynı zamanda sözlü görüşmelerden gelen çoğu bilginin yorumlanmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu sebeple metin içerisinde kronolojik bir sıra takip edilmemiş, yüzyıl dönümüne odaklanılmış, gerekli yerlerde 19. yüzyıla ait arşiv verileri çağırılarak sözlü görüşmelerden ve alan çalışmasından gelen bilgilerle birlikte değerlendirilmiştir.