Experimental Investigation of a Photovoltaic Thermal System With Phase Change Material
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Date
2024
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01. Izmir Institute of Technology
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Abstract
Çevre dostu enerji kaynakları arasında güneş enerjisi en yaygın kullanılanlardan biridir. Fotovoltaik sistemler, güneş ışığını elektrik enerjisine dönüştürerek bu enerji kaynağını kullanmanın temel yolunu oluşturur. Ancak, PV sistemlerin verimliliği, sıcaklık artışlarıyla azalır. Bu çalışma, PV panellerin performansını artırmak için faz değiştiren malzemeler ve su soğutmalı fotovoltaik termal sistemlerin entegrasyonunu araştırmaktadır. Çalışma iki aşamadan oluşmaktadır ve her iki deney de Antalya'da gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk aşamada, erime noktaları 25°C ve 35°C olan faz değiştiren malzemelerle entegre edilmiş PV panellerin performansı, standart PV panellerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, faz değiştiren malzeme entegrasyonunun termal yönetimi iyileştirdiğini ve elektriksel verimliliği artırdığını göstermektedir. PV-PCM35 sistemi, yüksek sıcaklık koşullarında panel sıcaklığını 21.3°C oranında düşürerek, ortalama %2.16 ve maksimum %3.72 oranında verimlilik artışı sağlamıştır. İkinci aşamada, faz değiştiren malzeme ile entegre edilmiş su soğutmalı bir PV/T sistemin performansı, geleneksel PV sistemlerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular, PV/T-PCM sisteminin elektriksel verimlilikte önemli iyileştirmeler sağladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Su soğutma mekanizması, ısıyı etkili bir şekilde dağıtarak panel sıcaklıklarının düşük kalmasını sağlamış ve verimliliği artırmıştır. PV/T-PCM sistemi, maksimum elektriksel verimlilikte %3.79 ve termal verimlilikte %62.74 artış göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, PV/T-PCM sistemlerinin özellikle Antalya gibi yüksek sıcaklıklara sahip bölgelerde daha verimli enerji üretme potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
Among environmentally friendly energy sources, solar energy is one of the most widely used. Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight into electrical energy, forming the primary means of utilizing this energy source. However, the efficiency of PV systems decreases with rising temperatures. This study investigates the integration of phase change materials and water-cooled photovoltaic-thermal systems to enhance PV panel performance. The study consists of two stages, and both experiments were conducted in Antalya. In the first stage, the performance of PV panels integrated with PCMs having melting points of 25°C and 35°C was compared with standard PV panels. Results indicate that PCM integration improves thermal management and increases electrical efficiency. The PV-PCM35 system demonstrated a 21.3°C reduction in panel temperature under high-temperature conditions, leading to an average efficiency increase of 2.16%, with a maximum recorded increase of 3.72%. In the second stage, the performance of a water-cooled PV/T system integrated with PCM was compared to traditional PV systems. Findings reveal that the PV/T-PCM system provides significant improvements in electrical efficiency. The water cooling mechanism effectively dissipates heat, maintaining lower panel temperatures and enhancing efficiency. The PV/T-PCM system achieved a maximum electrical efficiency increase of 3.79% and a thermal efficiency increase of 62.74%. These results demonstrate the potential of PV/T-PCM systems to produce more efficient energy in hot regions, particularly in areas with high temperatures such as Antalya.
Among environmentally friendly energy sources, solar energy is one of the most widely used. Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight into electrical energy, forming the primary means of utilizing this energy source. However, the efficiency of PV systems decreases with rising temperatures. This study investigates the integration of phase change materials and water-cooled photovoltaic-thermal systems to enhance PV panel performance. The study consists of two stages, and both experiments were conducted in Antalya. In the first stage, the performance of PV panels integrated with PCMs having melting points of 25°C and 35°C was compared with standard PV panels. Results indicate that PCM integration improves thermal management and increases electrical efficiency. The PV-PCM35 system demonstrated a 21.3°C reduction in panel temperature under high-temperature conditions, leading to an average efficiency increase of 2.16%, with a maximum recorded increase of 3.72%. In the second stage, the performance of a water-cooled PV/T system integrated with PCM was compared to traditional PV systems. Findings reveal that the PV/T-PCM system provides significant improvements in electrical efficiency. The water cooling mechanism effectively dissipates heat, maintaining lower panel temperatures and enhancing efficiency. The PV/T-PCM system achieved a maximum electrical efficiency increase of 3.79% and a thermal efficiency increase of 62.74%. These results demonstrate the potential of PV/T-PCM systems to produce more efficient energy in hot regions, particularly in areas with high temperatures such as Antalya.
Description
Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Izmir, 2024
Includes bibliographical references (leaves. 63-75)
Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and English
Includes bibliographical references (leaves. 63-75)
Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and English
Keywords
Photovoltaic power generation, Photovoltaic cells, Heat exchangers, Phase change memory
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87
