A Polymeric Copper Complex Based on a Pyrazole Derivative: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, X-Ray, and Biological Activity Studies

Abstract

A novel 1D coordination polymeric copper complex based on 4-(4′-nitrophenylhydrazono)-5-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dihydropyrazol-3-one was prepared and characterized spectroscopically and thermally and via X-ray crystallographic investigation. The prepared copper-based structure was proved to have a 1D coordination polymer. X-ray studies showed that the polymeric copper complex was of octahedral geometry, the ligand acted as a bidentate ligand, and the nitro group attached to the ligand acted as a bridging group. The cytotoxic activities of the copper polymer were evaluated including against MCF-7 cells (breast cancer cell line), HepG-2 cells (hepatocellular carcinoma), and HCT-116 cells (colon cancer cell line). The morphological alterations of the complex treated cells were investigated using an inverted microscope. The cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated and reported. The copper polymer exhibited the best antitumor activity against HepG-2 cells (35.22 ± 4.80 μM) while also causing a decline in the G2/M phase and a remarkable enhancement in the early apoptosis. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.