Alkali Ekstraksiyon pH'ının Nohut Protein İzolatlarının Fizikokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerindeki Etkileri
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Alkali ayrıştırma ardından yapılan izoelektrik çöktürme işlemi bitki protein izolatlarının eldesinde yaygınca kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Her ne kadar pH'ın nohut protein izolatlarının çözeltilerindeki etkileri incelenmiş olsa da, protein izolasyonu esnasındaki pH'ın nohut protein izolatlarının özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri üzerine kapsamlı bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Buradan hareketle ekstraksiyon pH'ının (8, 9 ve 10) nohut protein izolatlarının fizikokimyasal ve fonksiyonel özelliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Artan ekstraksiyon pH'ı ile köpük stabilitesi, yüzey hidrofobisitesi, parçacık boyutu, ve zeta potansiyelinde artış gözlemlenmiştir. FTIR sonuçları 8 pH'da elde edilen izolatların hem toz, hem de köpük içinde daha yüksek lipit/protein oranına ve lipit peroksidasyon seviyelerine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Ancak FTIR ile pH 9 ve 10'da elde edilen izolatlar arasında anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir. Renk ve köpük morfolojisine bakıldığında ise pH 9'da ekstrakte edilen izolatlar belirgin düzeyde (p<0,05) farklılık göstermekte olup, olası oksidasyon belirtilerine sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Örnekler arasında antioksidan aktivitesi, yüzey gerilimi, SDS-PAGE profili ve köpük kapasitesi açısından anlamlı farklılıklar bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Buna dayanarak alkali ayrıştırma pH'ının nohut protein izolatlarının yapısı ve belirli fonksiyonel özellikleri üzerinde kalıcı etkiler bıraktığı söylenebilir. Yine de bu etkilerin doku iskeleleri, jeller, veya kek gibi gıda modellerinde test edilmesi gerekmektedir.
Alkaline extraction and isoelectric precipitation are commonly used to obtain plant protein isolates. Although the effects of pH on chickpea protein isolates in solutions have been studied, a comprehensive investigation into the impact of extraction pH is still lacking. We investigated the effects of extraction pH (8, 9, and 10) on the physicochemical and functional properties of chickpea protein isolates. As the extraction pH increased, there was a steady increase in foaming stability, surface hydrophobicity, particle size, and zeta potential (p<0.05). FTIR results indicated that chickpea protein isolates extracted at pH 8 had higher lipid-to-protein ratios with greater lipid peroxidation levels. FTIR results of foams, however, showed no significant differences between pH 9 and 10 while still showing significant changes between pH 8 and pH 9 and 10 (p>0.05). Regarding colour and foam morphology, chickpea protein isolates extracted at pH 9 were the most distinctive, showing signs of possible oxidation. No significant differences in antioxidant activity, surface tension, SDS-PAGE profile, or foaming capacity were detected among the samples (p>0.05). The results suggest that alkaline extraction pH has significant (p<0.05) and irreversible effects on the structure and certain functional properties of chickpea protein isolates, namely foaming stability, zeta potential, surface hydrophobicity, and amide I/amide II band ratios. Still, the efficacy of chickpea protein isolates extracted at different pH levels needs to be further verified in models such as scaffolds, gels, or food products such as cakes.
Alkaline extraction and isoelectric precipitation are commonly used to obtain plant protein isolates. Although the effects of pH on chickpea protein isolates in solutions have been studied, a comprehensive investigation into the impact of extraction pH is still lacking. We investigated the effects of extraction pH (8, 9, and 10) on the physicochemical and functional properties of chickpea protein isolates. As the extraction pH increased, there was a steady increase in foaming stability, surface hydrophobicity, particle size, and zeta potential (p<0.05). FTIR results indicated that chickpea protein isolates extracted at pH 8 had higher lipid-to-protein ratios with greater lipid peroxidation levels. FTIR results of foams, however, showed no significant differences between pH 9 and 10 while still showing significant changes between pH 8 and pH 9 and 10 (p>0.05). Regarding colour and foam morphology, chickpea protein isolates extracted at pH 9 were the most distinctive, showing signs of possible oxidation. No significant differences in antioxidant activity, surface tension, SDS-PAGE profile, or foaming capacity were detected among the samples (p>0.05). The results suggest that alkaline extraction pH has significant (p<0.05) and irreversible effects on the structure and certain functional properties of chickpea protein isolates, namely foaming stability, zeta potential, surface hydrophobicity, and amide I/amide II band ratios. Still, the efficacy of chickpea protein isolates extracted at different pH levels needs to be further verified in models such as scaffolds, gels, or food products such as cakes.
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Biyoteknoloji, Biotechnology
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checked on May 07, 2026
