Enhancing Ultrafiltration Membranes Through Surface Modification for Effective Nanoplastic Removal From Water Sources
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Plastikler çok yönlü kullanım alanları nedeniyle sağlık, ambalaj ve otomotiv gibi çeşitli sektörlerde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Fakat, özellikle mikroplastikler (MP') ve nanopartiküller (NP) ile ilgili artan plastik kirliliği sorunu çevreyle ve sağlıkla ilgili ciddi endişeler yaratmaktadır. Son araştırmalar, MP' lerin ve NP' lerin sucul ortamlarından ayrıştırılması için filtrasyon, koagülasyon, adsorpsiyon gibi etkili yöntemler geliştirmeye odaklanmıştır. Mikrofiltrasyon (MF) ve ultrafiltrasyon (UF) membranlar gibi membran prosesleri, operasyonel basitlikleri, düşük yatırım maliyetleri, minimal enerji gereksinimleri ve yüksek ayırma verimliliği nedeniyle su arıtımında tercih edilen bir çözüm olarak öne çıkmıştır. Ancak, membranların kirlenmesi önemli bir darboğazdır. Bu çalışmada, ticari 150 kDa poli(eter sülfon) (PES) ultrafiltrasyon membranına polidopamin kaplama yapılarak kirlenme önleyici özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi hedeflenilmiştir. Dopamin monomerinin polimerleşmesini hızlandırmak adına oksijen geri beslemesi kullanılmıştır. Yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen (HDPE) model kirletici olarak seçilmiştir. Kirlenme davranışı anyonik yüzey aktif madde olan sodyum dodesil sülfat (SDS) ve katyonik yüzey aktif madde olan setrimonium bromür (CTAB) varlığının yanı sıra hümik asit (HA) ve fulvik asit (FA) gibi doğal organik bileşiklerin varlığında asidik (pH 3) ve alkali (pH 9) dahil olmak üzere çeşitli pH koşulları altında incelenmiştir. Ek olarak, deniz ve nehir ortamlarındaki kirlilikleri simüle etmek için deniz tuzluluğu (0.513 M) ve nehir tuzluluğu (0.0.17 M) incelenmiştir. Son olarak, membran performansı gerçek atık su kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, filtrasyon sırasında akı düşüşü ve membran yıkama sonrası akı geri kazanımı değerlendirildiğinde 15 dakikalık dopamin kaplamasının kirlenme direncini geliştirmek için yeterli olduğu görülmüştür.
Due to their versatility, plastics are widely used across various industries, including healthcare, packaging, and automotive. However, the growing issue of plastic pollution, particularly microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), raises significant environmental and health concerns. Recent research has focused on developing effective methods, such as filtration, coagulation, and adsorption, to remove MPs and NPs from water environments. Membrane processes, such as microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF), have emerged as solutions for water treatment due to their operational simplicity, low investment costs, relatively low energy requirements, and high removal efficiency. However, membrane fouling remains a significant challenge. This study aims to enhance the antifouling properties of a commercial 150 kDa polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membrane by applying a polydopamine coating. Dopamine polymerization was performed under O2 backflow to accelerate the process. High-density polyethylene was selected as a model foulant. The fouling behavior was examined under various pH conditions, including acidic (pH 3) and alkaline (pH 9) environments, in the presence of anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cationic surfactant, cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), along with natural organic compounds like humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA). Additionally, seawater salinity (0.513 M) and river water salinity (0.017 M) were investigated to simulate pollution in marine and river environments. Finally, the performance of the membrane was evaluated using real wastewater. The results indicated that a 15-minute dopamine coating is sufficient to improve the fouling resistance of the PES membrane, evaluated by flux decline during filtration and the flux recovery ratio after washing the membrane.
Due to their versatility, plastics are widely used across various industries, including healthcare, packaging, and automotive. However, the growing issue of plastic pollution, particularly microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), raises significant environmental and health concerns. Recent research has focused on developing effective methods, such as filtration, coagulation, and adsorption, to remove MPs and NPs from water environments. Membrane processes, such as microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF), have emerged as solutions for water treatment due to their operational simplicity, low investment costs, relatively low energy requirements, and high removal efficiency. However, membrane fouling remains a significant challenge. This study aims to enhance the antifouling properties of a commercial 150 kDa polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membrane by applying a polydopamine coating. Dopamine polymerization was performed under O2 backflow to accelerate the process. High-density polyethylene was selected as a model foulant. The fouling behavior was examined under various pH conditions, including acidic (pH 3) and alkaline (pH 9) environments, in the presence of anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cationic surfactant, cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), along with natural organic compounds like humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA). Additionally, seawater salinity (0.513 M) and river water salinity (0.017 M) were investigated to simulate pollution in marine and river environments. Finally, the performance of the membrane was evaluated using real wastewater. The results indicated that a 15-minute dopamine coating is sufficient to improve the fouling resistance of the PES membrane, evaluated by flux decline during filtration and the flux recovery ratio after washing the membrane.
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Kimya Mühendisliği, Chemical Engineering
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checked on Apr 27, 2026





