Controller Design of the Gyrostabilizer That Is Used in Boats
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Abstract
Bu tez, deniz taşıtlarında istenmeyen yalpa hareketini sönümlemek için kullanılan jiroskopik sönümleyici sistemleri için kontrol yapılarının geliştirilmesini sunmaktadır. İki farklı kontrolör tipi incelenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır: (1) geminin hız ve konum bilgilerini kullanan geleneksel kontrol yöntemi ve (2) en iyi sonuçları veren tam geri beslemeli kontrolörler. Tasarlanan kontrol çalışmalarını test etmek amacıyla küçültülmüş bir jiroskopik sönümleyici tasarlanmıştır. Prototip sistem geminin tek serbestlik dereceli yalpa hareketini modelleyecek şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Sisteme eklenen elektrik motoru, deniz durumunun bir bozucu etki olarak modellenmesini ve uygulanmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu bozucu etki gemi modeli üzerinde jiroskopik sönümleyici kullanılarak giderilmeye çalışılmıştır. Kontrol sisteminin tasarımından önce sistemin kinematik ve dinamik hesaplamaları analitik olarak yapılmıştır. Bu analitik çözümler simülasyon dosyası ile karşılaştırılarak doğrulanmıştır. Analitik çözümlerin açık formlarında jiroskop ve gemi arasındaki ilişkiler net bir şekilde gözlemlenmektedir. Analitik çözümlerde doğrusal olmayan terimlerin etkisi küçük bulunduğundan denklemler basitleştirilerek doğrusal kontrol sistemleri tasarlanmıştır. Matematiksel hesaplamalar ve 3 boyutlu tasarımın ardından prototip sistemin üretimi tamamlanmıştır. Tasarlanan konum-hız (PV-PI) kontrol sistemi ve doğrusal karesel regülatör (LQR) tabanlı kontrol sistemleri bu prototip sistem üzerinde test edilmiştir. Testlerin sonuçları, iki kontrol sisteminin birbirlerine karşı net bir üstünlüğü olmamasına rağmen, LQR kontrol sisteminin daha az parametreye sahip olması, diğer gemi-jiroskop kombinasyonlarına daha kolay uygulanabileceğini göstermektedir.
This thesis presents the development of control structures for gyrostabilizer systems, which are used to dampen unwanted roll motion in sea vessels. Two distinct types of controllers have been studied and compared: (1) the conventional control method, which utilizes the speed and position information of the vessel, and (2) the full feedback controllers, which yield optimal results. A scaled-down gyrostabilizer has been designed for the purpose of testing the designed control studies. The prototype system is designed to model the single degree of freedom roll motion of the ship. The electric motor added to the system enables the modelling and application of the sea state as a disturbance effect. This disturbing effect is attempted to be eliminated by using the gyrostabilizer on the ship model. Prior to the design of the control system, kinematic and dynamic calculations of the system were performed analytically. These analytical solutions were verified by comparing them with the simulation file. In the open forms of analytical solutions, the relationships between the gyroscope and the ship are clearly observed. Since the effect of the nonlinear terms in the analytical solutions was found to be small, the equations were simplified and linear control systems were designed. After mathematical calculations and 3D design, the production of the prototype system was completed. The designed position-velocity (PV-PI) control system and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based control systems were tested on this prototype system. The results of the tests indicate that, although there is no clear superiority of the two control systems over each other, the fact that the LQR control system has fewer parameters suggests that it can be more easily applied to other ship-gyro combinations.
This thesis presents the development of control structures for gyrostabilizer systems, which are used to dampen unwanted roll motion in sea vessels. Two distinct types of controllers have been studied and compared: (1) the conventional control method, which utilizes the speed and position information of the vessel, and (2) the full feedback controllers, which yield optimal results. A scaled-down gyrostabilizer has been designed for the purpose of testing the designed control studies. The prototype system is designed to model the single degree of freedom roll motion of the ship. The electric motor added to the system enables the modelling and application of the sea state as a disturbance effect. This disturbing effect is attempted to be eliminated by using the gyrostabilizer on the ship model. Prior to the design of the control system, kinematic and dynamic calculations of the system were performed analytically. These analytical solutions were verified by comparing them with the simulation file. In the open forms of analytical solutions, the relationships between the gyroscope and the ship are clearly observed. Since the effect of the nonlinear terms in the analytical solutions was found to be small, the equations were simplified and linear control systems were designed. After mathematical calculations and 3D design, the production of the prototype system was completed. The designed position-velocity (PV-PI) control system and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based control systems were tested on this prototype system. The results of the tests indicate that, although there is no clear superiority of the two control systems over each other, the fact that the LQR control system has fewer parameters suggests that it can be more easily applied to other ship-gyro combinations.
Description
Includes bibliographical references (leaves. 81-84)
Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Izmir, 2024
Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and English
Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Izmir, 2024
Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and English
Keywords
Gyroscopic instruments, Gyroscopes, Linear control systems, Mechanical Engineering, Linear control, Rate gyroscopes, PID control
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102

