Effect of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gut-Brain Axis;

Abstract

People have been started to consume functional foods that promote health with changing nutritional dynamics all over the world. Psychological signs such as level of daily stress and emotional changes affect the microbiota negatively. Neuropsychiatric disorders cause irregular release of neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutyric acid; therefore, functional food ingredients can be used as therapeutic agents. The purpose of this study is to review the positive impacts of prebiotics, and probiotics, and functional foods containing these ingredients on the gut-brain axis through the health of microbiota. The definition of probiotics and prebiotics and their neurotransmitters secreted, the effects on neuropsychological health, the role of intestinal metabolic disorders in the formation of neuropsychiatric diseases, the importance of gut-brain axis on this mechanism are presented in the light of scientific researches and current literature. In this study, the contribution of food biosciences into this interdisciplinary area is highlighted. © 2019 Authors. All rights reserved.