Environmental Engineering / Çevre Mühendisliği

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  • Book Part
    Citation - Scopus: 32
    Language of Response Surface Methodology as an Experimental Strategy for Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment Process Optimization
    (Elsevier, 2022) Gören, Ayşegül Yağmur; Recepoğlu, Yaşar Kemal; Khataee, Alireza
    The availability and accessibility to safe and secure water resources are the key technological and scientific concerns of global significance. As a result of water scarcity worldwide, wastewater treatment and reuse are considered viable options to replace freshwater resources in agricultural irrigation and domestic and industrial purposes. A significant need for clean water has promoted the invention and/or enhancement of several electrochemical wastewater treatment (EWT) processes. Optimization of the process variables plays a crucial role in wastewater treatment to enhance technology performance, considering removal efficiency, operating cost, and environmental impacts. These processes are fundamentally complex multivariable, and the optimization through conventional methods is unreliable, inflexible, and time- and material-consuming. In this perspective, response surface methodology (RSM) appears to be a beneficial statistical experimental strategy for the performance optimization of the EWT process. This model could be utilized for the optimization and analysis of the individual and/or combined effects of operational variables on the treatment process to improve the system performance. Furthermore, this model provides a number of information from a slight number of experimental trials. In this chapter, a summary and a discussion are presented on the RSM model used in the electrochemical wastewater treatment processes to overcome process crucial challenges toward the optimization and modeling of process parameters. It provides a potential model to enhance the various types of wastewater treatment process performance with effective optimization. Overall, it is described that the RSM model can be used in EWT processes to find the optimum conditions.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 9
    Citation - Scopus: 9
    How Does Arsenic Speciation (arsenite and Arsenate) in Groundwater Affect the Performance of an Aerated Electrocoagulation Reactor and Human Health Risk?
    (Elsevier, 2022) Gören, Ayşegül Yağmur; Kobya, Mehmet; Khataee, Alireza
    Arsenic (As) occurrence in water resources has become one of the most critical environmental problems worldwide. The detrimental health impacts on humans have been reported due to the consumption of As-contaminated groundwater resources. Consumption of As-containing water over the long term can cause arsenicosis and chronic effects on human health due to its toxicity. Several treatment processes are available for As removals such as coagulation, ion exchange, adsorption, and membrane technologies but they have various major drawbacks. In the present work, therefore, an aerated electrocoagulation (EC) system with aluminum anodes was operated for simultaneous arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)) removal to overcome the disadvantages of other processes such as, sludge formation, difficulties in operation, high operating costs, high energy consumption, and the requirement of pre-treatment process and to enhance the conventional EC process. The combined effects of the applied current (0.075–0.3 A), aeration rate (0–6 L/min), pH (6.5–8.5), and As speciation (As(V)-As(III)) were studied on As removal efficiency. The findings revealed that As removal mostly depended on the airflow rate and the applied current in the EC system. The highest As removal efficiency (99.1%) was obtained at an airflow rate of 6 L/min, a pH of 6.5, an initial As (V) concentration of 200 μg/L, and a current of 0.3 A, with an energy consumption of 2.85 kWh/m3 and an operating cost of 0.66 $/m3. The human health risk assessment of treated water was also examined to understand the performance of the EC system. At most of the experimental runs, the chronic toxic risk (CTR) and carcinogenic risk (CR) of As were within the permissible limits except for an airflow rate of 0–2 L/min, an initial pH of 8.5, and a current of 0.075–0.15 A for high initial As (III) concentrations. Overall, the As removal performance and groundwater risk assessment show that the EC process is a promising option for industrial applications.