Mechanical Engineering / Makina Mühendisliği
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/4129
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Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 14The Quasi-Static Crush Response of Electron-Beam Ti6al4v Body-Centred Lattices: The Effect of the Number of Cells, Strut Diameter and Face Sheet(Wiley, 2022) Güden, Mustafa; Alpkaya, Alican Tuncay; Arslan Hamat, Burcu; Hızlı, Burak; Taşdemirci, Alper; Tanrıkulu, A. Alptuğ; Yavaş, HakanThe effect of the number of cells, strut diameter and face sheet on the compression of electron-beam-melt (EBM) Ti6Al4V (Ti64) body-centred-cubic (BCC) lattices was investigated experimentally and numerically. The lattices with the same relative density (~0.182) were fabricated with and without 2-mm-thick face sheets in 10 and 5 mm cell size, 8–125 unit cell (two to five cells/edge) and 2 and 1 mm strut diameter. The experimental compression tests were further numerically simulated in the LS-DYNA. Experimentally two bending-dominated crushing modes, namely, lateral and diagonal layer crushing, were determined. The numerical models however exhibited merely a bending-dominated lateral layer crushing mode when the erosion strain was 0.4 and without face-sheet models showed a diagonal layer crushing mode when the erosion strain was 0.3. Lower erosion strains promoted a diagonal layer crushing mode by introducing geometrical inhomogeneity to the lattice, leading to strain localisation as similar to the face sheets which introduced extensive strut bending in the layers adjacent to the face sheets. The face-sheet model showed a higher but decreasing collapse strength at an increasing number of cells, just as opposite to the without face-sheet model, and the collapse strength of both models converged when the number of cells was higher than five-cell/edge. The decrease/increase of the collapse strengths of lattices before the critical number of cells was claimed mainly due to the size-imposed lattice boundary condition, rather than the specimen volume. The difference in the experimental collapse strengths between the 5- and the 10-mm cell-size lattices was ascribed to the variations in the microstructures—hence the material model parameters between the small-diameter and the large-diameter EBM-Ti64 strut lattices.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 8Comparing Compression Deformation and Rate Sensitivity of Additively Manufactured and Extruded-Annealed 316l Alloys(Springer, 2021) Enser, Samed; Yavaş, Hakan; Arslan Hamat, Burcu; Aydın, Hüseyin; Kafadar, Gülten; Tanrıkulu, A. Alptuğ; Zeytin Kazdal, Havva; Öztürk, Fahrettin; Güden, MustafaThe deformation behavior of a selective-laser-melt-processed 316-L alloy (SLM-316L) under compression was determined together with a commercial annealed-extruded 316L alloy bar (C-316L) for comparison. Strain rate jump tests and hardness tests on the untested and compression tested samples were also performed. Extensive microscopic observations on the deformed and undeformed samples showed a twinning-dominated deformation in SLM-316L, similar to twinning-induced-plasticity steels, while a martensitic transformation-dominated deformation in C-316L alloy, similar to transformation-induced-plasticity steels. Within the studied quasi-static strain rate regime, the measured higher strain rate sensitivity of SLM-316L was ascribed to the lower distances between the nano-twins, in the level of 100 nm, than the distances between martensite plates, in the level of 1000 nm. A higher hardness increase in the martensite transformation region as compared with the twinned region proved the higher work hardening of C-316L. The hardness tests in the micron and sub-micron levels further confirmed the previously determined relatively low resistances of the dislocation cell walls (sub-grain) to the dislocation motion in SLM-316L alloy.Article Citation - WoS: 23Citation - Scopus: 24Determination of the Material Model and Damage Parameters of a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Laminated Epoxy Composite for High Strain Rate Planar Compression(Elsevier Ltd., 2021) Shi, C.; Guo, B.; Sarıkaya, Mustafa; Çelik, Muhammet; Chen, P.; Güden, MustafaThe progressive failure of a 0°/90° laminated carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite was modeled in LS-DYNA using the MAT_162 material model, including the strain rate, damage progression and anisotropy effects. In addition to conventional standard and non-standard tests, double-shear and Brazilian tests were applied to determine the through-thickness shear modulus and the through-thickness tensile strength of the composite, respectively. The modulus reduction and strain softening for shear and delamination parameters were calibrated by low velocity drop-weight impact tests. The rate sensitivities of the modulus and strength of in-plane and through-thickness direction were determined by the compression tests at quasi-static and high strain rates. The fidelity of the determined model parameters was finally verified in the in-plane and through-thickness direction by the 3D numerical models of the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar compression tests. The numerical bar stresses and damage progressions modes showed acceptable correlations with those of the experiments in both directions. The composite failed both numerically and experimentally by the fiber buckling induced fiber-matrix axial splitting in the in-plane and the matrix shear fracture in the through-thickness direction. © 2020Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 9The Increased Compression Strength of an Epoxy Resin With the Addition of Heat-Treated Natural Nano-Structured Diatom Frustules(SAGE Publications Inc., 2017) Zeren, Doğuş; Güden, MustafaNatural diatom frustules composing nanometer size silica particles were heat-treated at temperatures between 600 and 1200℃ for 2 h and used as filler/reinforcing agent (15 wt%) in an epoxy resin. The opal structure of as-received natural diatom frustules was transformed into cristobalite after the heat-treatment above 900℃. The epoxy resin test samples reinforced with heat-treated and as-received frustules and neat epoxy test samples were compression tested at the quasi-static strain rate of 7 × 10−3 s−1. The results showed that the inclusion of the frustules heat-treated at 1000℃ increased the compressive yield strength of the resin by 50%, while the addition of the diatom frustules heat-treated above and below 1000℃ and the as-received frustules increased the strength by ∼25% and 16%, respectively. The heat treatment above 1000℃ decreased the surface area of the frustules from 8.23 m2 g−1 to 3.46 m2 g−1. The cristobalite grains of the frustules heat-treated at 1000℃ was smaller than 100 nm, while the grain size increased to ∼500 nm at 1200℃. The increased compressive stresses of the resin at the specific heat treatment temperature (1000℃) were ascribed to nano size crystalline cristobalite grains. The relatively lower compressive stresses of the epoxy resin filled with frustules heat-treated above 1000℃ were attributed to the micro-cracking of the frustules that might be resulted from higher density of the cristobalite than that of the opal and accompanying reduction of the surface area and the surface pore sizes that might impair the resin-frustule interlocking and intrusion.Conference Object Off-Axis Properties of Cross-Ply Metal Matrix Composites at Quasi-Static and High Strain Rates(Elsevier Ltd., 2011) Hall, Ian W.; Taşdemirci, Alper; Kara, AliCylindrical samples of a 0/90° cross-ply Nextel 610™/A1-6061 (∼55Vf%) metal matrix composite have been subjected to compression testing at quasi-static and high strain rates over a range of angles between 0° and ±45° with respect to the principal fiber directions. The results, combined with testing in the longitudinal, transverse and through thickness directions, provide a detailed description of the response of such composites over a wide range of orientations. In addition, metallographic and fractographic studies along with high-speed camera records provide detailed information about the sequence of deformation events leading to fracture. Results confirm not only the strong dependence of mechanical properties upon orientation but also the critical importance of precise fiber alignment and processing in obtaining the desired theoretical properties. A misalignment of 10° was sufficient to cause an -40% decrease in maximum stress and the properties were found to vary by >70% over the orientations investigated. The high strain rate properties were generally significantly greater than those measured quasi-statically. A numerical model based on the commercial explicit finite element code LS-DYNA was used to investigate the compressive deformation and fracture of the composite. Experimental results are compared with those of the numerical model. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 9Quasi-Static and High Strain Rate Properties of a Cross-Ply Metal Matrix Composite(Elsevier Ltd., 2009) Hall, Ian W.; Taşdemirci, Alper; Derrick, J.A series of compression tests has been carried out at quasi-static and high strain rates on cylindrical samples of an alumina fiber/Al-6061 metal matrix composite. The composite plates were prepared with fibers in the 0°, 0/90° and ±45° orientations. It was found that the mechanical properties were strongly dependent upon the imposed strain rate, with fracture stress increases of >50% being noted for several orientations at high strain rates: these increases are not believed to be related to strain rate sensitivity of either the matrix or fibers but to arise from the inertia of fragments which remain in place after fracture and continue to bear load. Also, and in contradiction to behavior anticipated from the rule of mixtures, it was found that 0/90° samples exhibited properties superior to those of 0° unidirectional samples. High-speed photography was used to confirm the sequence of deformation and fracture events at high strain rate. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 22Citation - Scopus: 28Mechanical Interlocking Between Porous Electrospun Polystyrene Fibers and an Epoxy Matrix(American Chemical Society, 2014) Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Horzum, Nesrin; Taşdemirci, Alper; Turan, Ali Kıvanç; Güden, MustafaAn epoxy matrix filled with nonwoven mats of porous polystyrene (PS) fibers processed by an electrospinning was compression tested at quasi-static (1 × 10–3 s–1) and high strain (315 s–1) rates. The electrospun PS fibers with a diameter between 6 and 9 μm, accommodated spherical pores on the surface with the sizes ranging from 0.1 to 0.2 μm. The filling epoxy matrix with 0.2 wt % PS fibers increased the compressive elastic modulus and compressive strength over those of neat epoxy resin. The microscopic observations indicated that the surface pores facilitated the resin intrusions into the fiber, enhancing the interlocking between resin and fibers, and increased the deformation energy expenditure of the polymer matrix.Article Citation - WoS: 25Citation - Scopus: 28High Strain Rate Deformation Behavior of a Continuous Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite(Elsevier Ltd., 2000) Güden, Mustafa; Hall, Ian W.An aluminum metal matrix composite reinforced with continuous unidirectional α-Al2O3 fibers has been compression tested at quasi-static and dynamic strain rates. In the transverse direction, the composite showed increased flow stress and maximum stress within the studied strain rate regime, 10−3 to 3500 s−1. The strain rate sensitivity of the flow stress in this direction was found to be similar to that of a similar, but unreinforced, alloy determined from previous work. In the longitudinal direction, the maximum stress of the composite increased with increasing strain rate within the range 10−5 to 700 s−1. The strain rate dependent maximum stress in this direction was described by the strain rate dependent fiber buckling stress.Article Citation - WoS: 19Citation - Scopus: 19Experimental Investigation of Interaction Effects in Foam-Filled Thin-Walled Aluminum Tubes(Springer Verlag, 2006) Güden, Mustafa; Toksoy, Ahmet Kaan; Kavi, HalitThe interaction coefficients of polystyrene foam filling of thin-walled aluminum cylindrical tubes were investigated experimentally through compression testing of partially foam-filled tubes with and without adhesive. The experimental load-displacement curves and observation of the crushed sections of filled tubes have shown that partial foam filling reduced the fold length and hence increased the average crushing loads of tubes, proving the interaction effect between tube wall and filler. The interaction coefficients for the partial foam filling were further calculated to be in the level and/or higher than that of the foam plateau load of transverse direction.Article Citation - WoS: 37Citation - Scopus: 42Effects of Compaction Pressure and Particle Shape on the Porosity and Compression Mechanical Properties of Sintered Ti6al4v Powder Compacts for Hard Tissue Implantation(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2007) Güden, Mustafa; Çelik, Emrah; Hızal, Alpay; Altındiş, Mustafa; Çetiner, SinanSintered Ti6Al4V powder compacts potentially to be used in implant applications were prepared using commercially available spherical and angular powders (100-200 mum) within the porosity range of 34-54%. Cylindrical green powder compacts were cold compacted at various pressures and then sintered at 1200 degrees C for 2 h. The final percent porosity and mean pore sizes were determined as functions of the applied compaction pressure and powder type. The mechanical properties were investigated through compression testing. Results have shown that yield strength of the powder compacts of 40-42% porosity was comparable with that of human cortical bone. As compared with previously investigated Ti powder compacts, Ti6Al4V powder compacts showed higher strength at similar porosity range. Microscopic observations on the failed compact samples revealed that failure occurred primarily by the separation of interparticle bond regions in the planes 45 degrees to the loading axis. Effects of compaction pressure and particle shape on the porosity and compression mechanical properties of sintered Ti6Al4V powder compacts for hard tissue implantation.