TR Dizin İndeksli Yayınlar / TR Dizin Indexed Publications Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7149

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    Book Review: Urban Design Education: Designing Pedagogy for an Evolving Field
    (2025) Akpınar, Ipek; Kök, Saadet; Saygın, Nicel; Özgen, Elif Simge Fettahoglu
    Urban Design Education: Designing Pedagogy for an Evolving Field by Hesam Kamalipour and Nastaran Peimani addresses a persistent gap in urban design scholarship. Since it emerged as a distinct field in the 1950s, urban design has generated extensive debate about its definition, scope, and position between architecture and planning. Yet while definitional discussions have proliferated, systematic attention to urban design pedagogy has remained largely confined to academic circles, circulating through annual workshops and conferences but rarely translated into comprehensive pedagogical frameworks. This book marks a significant intervention by shifting attention from what urban design is to its pedagogy: how urban design should be taught.
  • Article
    Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms for Thermal Comfort Prediction in HVAC Systems of Smart Buildings
    (Golden Light Publishing, 2025) Erdem, Merve Kuru; Gokalp, Osman; Calis, Gulben
    Predicting the thermal comfort of building occupants is of paramount importance in the operation of smart buildings, providing a data-driven approach to control Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems for managing occupant thermal comfort and energy use, which aligns with modern sustainability and efficiency goals. Recently, ensemble machine learning (ML)-based thermal comfort prediction models have been proposed to provide more accurate estimation of thermal comfort; however, these efforts often lack a systematic and comprehensive evaluation across a wide range of ML models within a single study. To address this gap, this study presents a systematic comparative analysis of four ensemble ML frameworks (bagging, boosting, stacking, and voting) with six basic ML algorithms (Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Multilayer Perceptron, and Multinomial Na & iuml;ve Bayes) and six advanced ensemble ML algorithms (Random Forest, Rotation Forest, Extra Trees, Gradient Boosting Classifier, Histogram Gradient Boosting Classifier, and Extreme Gradient Boosting). The analysis is conducted using the widely recognized ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database II, providing both 3-point and 7-point Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) predictions. Accuracy, precision, recall and F1 metrics are used for evaluation and 10-fold cross validation is applied for further comparison. The results demonstrate the Histogram Gradient Boosting (HGB) algorithm achieved the highest F1 score (0.638) for 7-point TSV prediction whereas the Random Forest (RF) algorithm provided the highest F1 score (0.549) for 7-point TSV prediction. In practice, these findings suggest that integrating RF and HGB models into Building Management Systems or IoT-based HVAC platforms can support real-time adaptive control, helping practitioners to reduce energy use while maintaining occupant comfort.
  • Article
    A Survey On the Visibility Of Mosaic Heritage On The UNESCO World Heritage List
    (Bursa Uludağ University, 2025) Akture, Z.
    World Heritage Programme was launched under the auspices of UNESCO by adopting the Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1972. 1223 cultural, natural, and mixed properties have been inscribed on the World Heritage List (WHL) from 1978 to 2024 to ensure international consideration and assistance in their preservation as patrimony of humanity. This paper offers an insight into the visibility of mosaic heritage in this corpus through a survey of references to mosaics in the Statements of Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) on the homepages of World Heritage properties at UNESCO’s website. After an introduction on the requirements for inscription on WHL, distribution of mosaics in World Heritage properties is surveyed in reference to their category, location on the globe, and setting within the property to highlight over- and under-representations, with inspiration from the current strategy of achieving a balanced representation of heritage types, chronologies-regions, and themes on WHL. Then selected “exceptions” in terms of mosaic types, locations, and periods are presented to contribute in increasing their visibility, followed by “highlights” in whose Statements of OUV the word “mosaic” is most repeated. Adopting the wholistic approach recommended in the World Heritage Programme, both sections aim to contextualise the selected examples in the overall corpus and mosaic heritage as an element forming and representing their attributes of OUV. After observing the thus exemplified variety in the mosaic heritage so far inscribed on WHL, concluding remarks highlight areas of further research to deepen the presented visibility analysis. © (2024), (). All Rights Reserved.
  • Article
    Unveiling Antibody-Mediated Allostery in Interleukin-1β Via Conformational Sampling and Machine Learning
    (2025) Uyar, Arzu
    Human interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pivotal proinflammatory cytokine, is a therapeutic target in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. While antibodies blocking IL-1β signaling are effective, their allosteric mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates how four distinct antibodies induce long-range allosteric effects in IL-1β, leveraging computational approaches to map allosteric communication and identify critical sites. Ensembles of apo and antibody-bound IL-1β states were generated using the enhanced conformational sampling technique ClustENMD, followed by the application of two different dimensionality reduction methods in machine learning (principal component analysis, PCA; linear discriminant analysis, LDA) to the generated conformers. PCA highlighted how diverse ensembles ClustENMD generated, while LDA revealed antibody-specific allosteric effects on the human IL-1β. By integrating conformational dynamics with machine learning, this work advances a predictive framework for engineering antibodies with tailored allosteric properties. The discovery of binding sites on IL-1β might further open avenues for drug design.
  • Article
    Farklı Olgunluk İndeksi ve Depolama Koşullarında Türk Zeytinyağlarının Yağ Asidi, Sterol ve Eritrodiol+Uvaol İçeriklerinin Kemometrik Yaklaşımlarla Değerlendirilmesi
    (2025) Sevim, Didar; Köseoglu, Oya; Özdemir, Durmuş; Ünal, Mustafa Kemal
    Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ayvalık ve Memecik Türk sızma zeytinyağında olgunluk indeksi ve saklama koşullarının yağ asitleri, steroller ve eritrodiol+uvaol bileşimi üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için hiyerarşik (HCA) ve temel bileşen analizleri (PCA) gibi denetimsiz sınıflandırma ve kümeleme tekniklerinden yararlanmaktır. Yağlar 15 ay süreyle oda sıcaklığında, gün ışığı koşullarında ve karanlıkta iki şeffaf cam şişe içerisinde muhafaza edildi. Kemometrik analiz, Memecik ve Ayvalık'ın iki ayrı alt gruba ayrılabileceğini ortaya çıkardı. Bulgular, oleik, behenik, araşidik, gadoleik ve MUFA asitlerinin, her iki yağ için de ilk hasat yılını ayırt etmede çok önemli olduğunu gösterdi. İkinci yılın karakterizasyon sürecinde Ayvalık zeytinyağında palmitik, palmitoleik, heptadekanoik, heptadekenoik, trans yağ asitleri, SFA ve MUFA analizleri; Memecik zeytinyağında miristik, linolenik ve PUFA bulunur. PCA sonuçları Memecik yağlarının β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, kolesterol, klerosterol, brassikasterol ve eritrodiol+uvaol içerdiğini, Ayvalık yağlarının ise kampestanol, sitosterol, kampestanol, Δ7-avenasterol, Δ5-avenasterol, toplam sterol, Δ5-7 stigmastadienol ve toplam β-sitosterol içerdiğini göstermektedir.
  • Article
    An Energy Efficient Cluster Head Selection in Priority Region Aware Wireless Sensor Networks Using Metaheuristic Algorithms
    (2025) Ugur, Aybars; Aydın, Doğan; Gökalp, Osman
    The cluster head (CH) selection problem is one of the challenges posed by wireless sensor network (WSN) design, where nodes assume leadership roles. The primary objective of this problem is energy conservation, as becoming a CH requires high energy consumption. Therefore, optimizing the CH selection process is crucial. Despite numerous attempts to solve this problem, existing algorithms do not consider area prioritization, where certain regions such as industrial facilities with hazardous zones and military surveillance areas require special attention. This work first describes the standard CH selection problem in non-priority environments and then introduces priority region-aware WSNs. It then presents how energy-efficient CH selection using metaheuristics, with a priority- and energy-aware fitness function developed in this study, can be performed in such networks for the first time in the literature. The findings from comprehensive simulation-based experiments demonstrate the superior performance of both classical and state-of-the-art metaheuristic-driven approaches compared to the baseline Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm. Specifically, the Adaptive Differential Evolution with Optional External Archive (JADE) algorithm improves the performance of LEACH by up to 16% in terms of the total priority of transferred packets. Additionally, it can extend the lifetime of nodes in high-priority regions by up to 27% to 44%.
  • Article
    Ito Yüzeylerinde Elektrodepozitlenen ZnO Nanoyapılar: Kolesterol Biyosensör Uygulamaları için Etkinliklerinin Araştırılması
    (2024) Dikici, Tuncay; Yurddaskal, Metin; Erol, Mustafa; Aykac, Ahmet; Kartal, Uğur; Özdemir, Erdem Tevfik; Uzunbayır, Begüm
    Bu çalışmada, ZnO nanoyapıları, kolesterol tespiti için ITO/cam altlıklar üzerine elektrodepozitlenen Zn'nin elektrokimyasal anodizasyonu ile hazırlanmıştır. Geliştirilen ZnO nanoyapıların Kolesterol oksidaz (ChOx) enziminin tespitindeki etkinliği döngüsel voltametri yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. XRD ve SEM sonuçları, çeşitli parametrelerle anodizasyon yöntemiyle hazırlanan ZnO nanoyapıların sentezini doğrulamıştır. Elektrodepozisyon ve anodizasyon süresinin morfoloji üzerindeki etkisi gözlemlenmiştir. ZnO/Zn/ITO/cam ve Pt/ZnO/Zn/ITO/cam elektrotların çeşitli kolesterol konsantrasyonlarına sahip elektrolitlerdeki döngüsel voltametrisi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen Pt/ZnO/Zn/ITO/cam yapılı elektrotun tespit limiti 0,965x10-3M olarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen katmanlı yapıya sahip malzeme, biyomedikal uygulamalarda elektrokimyasal sensörlerde ve biyosensörlerde potansiyel uygulamalara sahip olabilir. Bu çalışma, biyosensör performansına ek olarak, ZnO tabanlı biyosensörlerin geliştirilmesi için pahalı altyapı ve hammadde maliyeti gerektirmeyen yeni bir yaklaşım önermekte ve gelecek çalışmalarda yapılacak iyileştirmelerle daha düşük tespit limitlerine sahip yüksek hassasiyetli biyosensör elektrotlarının geliştirilmesini mümkün kılmaktadır.
  • Article
    Malign Melanomda Kanser Kök Hücreleri ve SHH Yolağı: Terapötik Çıkarımlar
    (2025) Özdil, Berrin; Aktug, Huseyin
    Melanom, melanositlerden kaynaklanan agresif bir cilt kanseridir. Melanom hem genetik hem de çevresel faktörlerden kaynaklanan karmaşık bir hastalıktır. Melanomda, kanser kök hücreleri (CSC'ler), kendini yenileme ve farklılaşma yetenekleri nedeniyle tümör ilerlemesinde, terapötik dirençte ve nüksde önemli bir rol oynar. Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) sinyal yolağı CSC'lerin önemli bir düzenleyicisidir ve hücre farklılaşması ve çoğalması için gereklidir. Embriyonik gelişimdeki ve kanserlerdeki rolü bilindiğinden, SHH yolağı melanomda CSC davranışını önemli ölçüde etkileyerek tümörijenisiteyi, metastazı ve tedavilere direnci teşvik eder. Bu yolak, Gli transkripsiyon faktörlerini içeren kanonik mekanizmaları ve hücre göçünü ve hücre iskeleti organizasyonunu etkileyen kanonik olmayan mekanizmaları koordine eder. SHH yolağının hedeflenmesi, Smoothened (Smo) ve Gli proteinleri gibi bileşenlere odaklanan inhibitörlerle umut verici bir terapötik strateji olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bununla birlikte, bu inhibitörlere karşı direnç, yeni terapötik kombinasyonların daha fazla araştırılmasını gerektirmektedir. Mevcut araştırmalar, daha etkili ve uzun süreli yanıtlar için SHH inhibitörlerini immünoterapilerle birleştirmeye odaklanmaktadır. SHH süreçlerini bozan hedefe yönelik ilaçlar, karsinogenezin temel nedenlerini ortadan kaldırmaya ve melanom hastalarının hayatta kalma oranlarını artırmaya çalışmaktadır.
  • Article
    Gender Determination by PCR Assay for the Sex-Determining Region Y(SRY) Gene Amplification in Linnaeus’s Two-Toed Sloth (Choloepus Didactylus)
    (2023) Ardicli, Sena; Bozkurt, Berkay; Çelik, Ezgi Vatansever
    In Linnaeus’s two-toed sloths (Choloepus didactylus), there is no distinct sexual dimorphism. It is an obstacle for gender determination from the external genitalia, especially in newborns or young sloths. Hence, easy, rapid, and reliable genetics-based methods for gender identification of the sloths are needed to continue captive breeding more successfully. In this study, a PCR-based technique that allows gender determination of two-toed sloths by using a sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene marker was described. The hair samples from young (suspect gender) and adult sloths (known gender) were used in genetic analysis. Initially, genomic DNA was isolated from hair root samples using Roche high pure PCR template preparation kit. The SRY primers were specifically designed based on the NCBI and Ensembl databases, and they were verified with the BLAST program concerning the two-toed sloth genome. PCR amplification with the SRY-specific primers was carried out by a programmable thermal cycler device using FastStart High Fidelity PCR System, Roche dNTPack. The samples were then electrophoresed on 2% agarose gels and were visualized by a gel documentation and analysis system. A specific band in the electrophoresis pattern is diagnostic for a male individual with a partial SRY region. Hence, the analysis demonstrated that the samples belonged to a male two-toed sloth. Two-toed sloth species are commonly preferred animals in zoos. Gender determination is inevitable for these animals in captivity to be raised successfully and healthily. Molecular genetic techniques allow high efficiency in taxonomic evaluations and gender identification in species that do not display sexual dimorphism. The PCR assay described here may be helpful for a rapid genetic analysis that can be widely used in gender determination for two-toed sloths.
  • Article
    The Association of Vertebrobasilar System Morphology and Geometry With the Posterior and Anterior Ischemic Stroke
    (Pera Yayıncılık Hizmetleri, 2025) Leblebici, Asım; Demirtas, İsmet; Ayyıldız, Sevilay; Ayyıldız, Behçet; Kuş, Koral Çağlar; Ayran, Ayşegül; Kurt, Mustafa Ayberk
    Objective: Morphometric and geometric variations in the vertebrobasilar system (VBS) may influence cerebral hemodynamics, potentially contributing to ischemic strokes in both anterior and posterior circulatory territories. This study aimed to investigate the association between VBS morphology and ischemic stroke localization. Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed multidetector computed tomography angiography images from 431 patients (187 females, 244 males, mean age: 65.3 ± 14.6 years). Patients were categorized into three groups: anterior circulation ischemic stroke (ACIS, n=184), posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCIS, n=88), and control subjects (n=159). Morphometric parameters were assessed using 3D Slicer software. Results: Significant differences in basilar artery (BA) length were observed between stroke groups and controls, with ACIS and PCIS groups exhibiting longer BA lengths (p<0.05). Males had significantly longer vertebral artery (VA) lengths than females in the control and ACIS groups (p value < 0.05). The vertebrobasilar junction angle was significantly wider in females than in males (p value = 0.046). BA bending was predominantly directed to the right across all groups, with no significant differences between the stroke and control groups. VA dominance was more frequent on the left in ACIS and the right in PCIS, while VA hypoplasia was less common in stroke patients compared to controls, contrary to previous reports. Conclusion: While certain morphometric and geometric variations in the VBS were observed, the evidence for a direct association between these characteristics and the localization of ischemic stroke was limited and inconclusive. These findings suggest that vertebrobasilar morphology may not independently determine stroke localization.