Electrical - Electronic Engineering / Elektrik - Elektronik Mühendisliği
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Article Experimental Investigation of Refractive Index Measurement of Common Solvents and Aqueous Solutions in the Infrared Wavelengths(2018) Yüksel, K.; İde, CWe proposed and experimentally demonstrated a fast and simple technique to measure refractive index of liquids. A commercial Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) was implemented for interrogating sensor tips from a remote location. The system uses Fresnel reflected light from standard single mode fiber tips as sensing points without requiring any chemical coating, delicate fiber components, and/or sophisticated architecture at the sensor head. We reported new measurements of refractive indices of common solvents and solutions at both 1550 nm and 1625 nm. The precision of the proposed measurement system was found to be in the order of 10-4. The experimental results have been validated by the way of theoretical calculations.Article Secrecy performance of full-duplex space-air integrated networks in the presence of active/passive eavesdropper, and friendly jammer(Wiley, 2024) Buyuksar, Ayse Betul; Erdoğan, Eylem; Altunbas, IbrahimIn this paper, a full-duplex (FD) space-air ground integrated network (SAGIN) system with passive and active eavesdroppers (PE/AE) and a friendly jammer (FJ) is investigated. The shadowing side information (SSI)-based unmanned aerial vehicle relay node (URN) selection strategy is considered to improve signal-to-interference plus noise power ratio (SINR) at the ground destination unit. To quantify the secrecy performance of the considered scenario, outage probability (OP), interception probability (IP), and transmission secrecy outage probability (TSOP) are investigated in the presence of FJ and PE/AE. The results have shown that aerial AE is an important threat since it can severely degrade the OP of the main transmission link. Furthermore, the FJ can decrease the IP of the eavesdropper by causing interference with the cost of power consumption of URNs. Simulations are performed to verify the theoretical findings.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 6A Comparative Study of Metaheuristic Feature Selection Algorithms for Respiratory Disease Classification(MDPI, 2024) Gürkan Kuntalp, D.; Özcan, N.; Düzyel, Okan; Kababulut, F.Y.; Kuntalp, M.The correct diagnosis and early treatment of respiratory diseases can significantly improve the health status of patients, reduce healthcare expenses, and enhance quality of life. Therefore, there has been extensive interest in developing automatic respiratory disease detection systems. Most recent methods for detecting respiratory disease use machine and deep learning algorithms. The success of these machine learning methods depends heavily on the selection of proper features to be used in the classifier. Although metaheuristic-based feature selection methods have been successful in addressing difficulties presented by high-dimensional medical data in various biomedical classification tasks, there is not much research on the utilization of metaheuristic methods in respiratory disease classification. This paper aims to conduct a detailed and comparative analysis of six widely used metaheuristic optimization methods using eight different transfer functions in respiratory disease classification. For this purpose, two different classification cases were examined: binary and multi-class. The findings demonstrate that metaheuristic algorithms using correct transfer functions could effectively reduce data dimensionality while enhancing classification accuracy. © 2024 by the authors.Conference Object Adaptive Limited Feedback Scheme for Stream Selection Based Interference Alignment in Heterogeneous Networks(IEEE, 2016) Beyazıt, Esra Aycan; Özbek, Berna; Le Ruyet,D.This paper presents a stream selection based interference alignment approach with imperfect channel state information for heterogeneous networks. The proposed algorithm performs the selection of a stream sequence among a predetermined set of sequences. Those selected sequences are the ones that mostly contribute to the sum rate when performing the exhaustive search. These stream sequences form a regular structure where the first stream is associated to a pico user. The effect of imperfect channel state information on the proposed algorithm is analyzed and a bit allocation scheme is proposed by deriving an upper bound on the rate loss due to quantization. © 2016 IEEE.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 4Liquid Metal-Controlled Dual-Band Doppler Radar for Enhanced Velocity Measurement(IEEE, 2024) Karatay, Anıl; Yaman, FatihDoppler radars, which are critical instruments for velocity measurement, may need to be reconfigured to adapt to different environmental conditions or for ease of use. However, conventional electrical, optical, and physical reconfiguration methods often come with several disadvantages such as deteriorated radiation pattern, reduced radiation efficiency, and high cost. Therefore, the aim of this article is to integrate microwave components that can be controlled using liquid metal (LM) displacement into a Doppler radar to adjust its main lobe direction and operating frequency to the desired values and enhance the measurement capacity of the respective radar. Through this study, multiple parameters of an operational Doppler radar have been simultaneously adjusted using LM displacement exploitation for the first time, thus avoiding the shortcomings associated with conventional reconfiguration methods. To achieve this objective, initially, a back-to-back Vivaldi antenna operating at 2.45 GHz is designed, and beam switching ability is imparted to the structure using the LM displacement method. Subsequently, various techniques are used to convert the structure into a dual-band antenna capable of simultaneous operation at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz, ensuring the desired beam switching feature at both the frequencies. In addition, a power divider capable of switching between the two operating frequencies through LM assistance is proposed, and its integration into the radar system enables the control of both main lobe direction and frequency using the proposed method.Conference Object Carrier Frequency Offset Based Shared Randomness for Secure Transmission in M-Psk Noma(IEEE, 2023) Göztepe, Caner; Karabulut Kurt, Güneş; Özbek, BernaPower domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enhances spectral efficiency by superposing multiple users in the same time-frequency resource block at the expense of exposing the users' data. However, current approaches to improve the secrecy levels of users are limited to rate reduction. This paper proposes a secure NOMA system based on the shared randomness extracted from the reciprocal carrier frequency offsets (CFOs) between the transmitter-receiver pairs for M-ary phase-shift keying. As multiple users will have physically separated oscillators, it will result in independent CFOs among users. This randomness is used to introduce a constellation rotation in the transmitted symbols. We show that under ideal CFO estimates, the proposed approach achieves perfect secrecy among all NOMA users without introducing any rate reduction. We also demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed approach by using a software-defined radio-based test bed. © 2023 IEEE.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4A New Shapley-Based Feature Selection Method in a Clinical Decision Support System for the Identification of Lung Diseases(MDPI, 2023) Kababulut, Fevzi Yasin; Kuntalp, Damla Gurkan; Düzyel, Okan; Özcan, Nermin; Kuntalp, MehmetThe aim of this study is to propose a new feature selection method based on the class-based contribution of Shapley values. For this purpose, a clinical decision support system was developed to assist doctors in their diagnosis of lung diseases from lung sounds. The developed systems, which are based on the Decision Tree Algorithm (DTA), create a classification for five different cases: healthy and disease (URTI, COPD, Pneumonia, and Bronchiolitis) states. The most important reason for using a Decision Tree Classifier instead of other high-performance classifiers such as CNN and RNN is that the class contributions of Shapley values can be seen with this classifier. The systems developed consist of either a single DTA classifier or five parallel DTA classifiers each of which is optimized to make a binary classification such as healthy vs. others, COPD vs. Others, etc. Feature sets based on Power Spectral Density (PSD), Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), and statistical characteristics extracted from lung sound recordings were used in these classifications. The results indicate that employing features selected based on the class-based contribution of Shapley values, along with utilizing an ensemble (parallel) system, leads to improved classification performance compared to performances using either raw features alone or traditional use of Shapley values.Conference Object Detection Scheme for Pnc-Based Cell-Free Mimo Systems(IEEE, 2023) Cumali, Irem; Ozbek, Berna; Kurt, Gunes KarabulutCell-free multiple-input multiple-output (cell-free MIMO) is a promising concept to overcome inter-cell interference and avoid non-uniform data rates among users by combining the best features of ultra-dense networks and MIMO. Hence, cell-free MIMO can fulfill the increasing demand on data rate with uniformly good coverage for the sixth-generation (6G) wireless communications. In addition to that, physical-layer network coding (PNC) reduces the transmission delay since it requires only two time slots instead of four time slots to exchange information between two users. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme called PNC-based cell-free MIMO to improve reliability further while reducing the transmission delay. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme regarding the bit error rate in different system configurations. The proposed PNC-based cell-free MIMO achieves significantly lower error probability than the conventional cell-free MIMO.Conference Object Citation - Scopus: 2Compact Proton Accelerator in Uhf Band at Kahvelab(JACoW Publishing, 2022) Esen, S.; Adıgüzel, A.; Koçer, O.; Çağlar, A.; Çelebi, E.; Öz, S.; Özcan, V.E.; Karatay, Anıl; Yaman, Fatih; Yılmaz, Hasan ÖnderProton Test Beam at KAHVELab (Kandilli Detector, Accelerator and Instrumentation Laboratory) project aims to design and produce a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) operating at 800 MHz in Istanbul, Turkey using the local resources. The beamline consists of a proton source, a low energy beam transport (LEBT) line including the beam diagnostic section and the RFQ cavity itself. This RFQ is 4-vane, 1-meter-long cavity to accelerate the 20 keV beam extracted from plasma ion source to 2 MeV. Its engineering prototype is already produced and subjected to mechanical, low power RF and vacuum tests. In this study, the results of the first test production, especially the bead-pull test setup will be discussed. © 2022 Proceedings - Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC. All rights reserved.Conference Object Citation - Scopus: 2Rf Measurements and Tuning of the Test Module of 800 Mhz Radio-Frequency Quadrupole(JACoW Publishing, 2022) Kılıçgedik, A.; Adıgüzel, A.; Esen, S.; Baran, B.; Çağlar, A.; Çelebi, E.; Özcan, V. E.; Kaya, U.; Türemen, G.; Ünel, N. G.; Yaman, FatihThe 800 MHz RFQ (radio-frequency quadrupole), developed and built at KAHVElab (Kandilli Detector, Accelerator and Instrumentation Laboratory) at Bogazici University in Istanbul, Turkey, has been designed to provide protons that have an energy of 2 MeV within only 1 m length. The RFQ consists of two modules and the test module of RFQ was constructed. The algorithm developed by CERN, based on the measurements generated by the tuner settings estimated through the response matrix [1, 2, 3], has been optimized for a single module and 16 tuners. The desired field consistent with the simulation was obtained by bead-pull measurements. In this study, we present low-power rf measurements and field tuning of the test module. © 2022 Proceedings - Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC. All rights reserved.