Chemistry / Kimya

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/4072

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Access Right: Embargoed AccessAuthor: search.filters.author.Ammanath, Gopal

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  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 35
    Citation - Scopus: 44
    Current Trends and Challenges in Point-Of Urinalysis of Biomarkers in Trace Amounts
    (Elsevier, 2022) Yeasmin, Sanjida; Ammanath, Gopal; Önder, Ahmet; Yan, Evelias; Yıldız, Ümit Hakan; Palaniappan, Alagappan; Liedberg, Bo
    Urinalysis enables non-invasive point-of-care (POC) testing of numerous biomarkers at their physiological and elevated levels, obviating the need for sophisticated equipment or trained personnel. POC urinalysis is used to identify biomarkers that are rich in urine (greater than 1 μM), such as lactate, uric acid, glucose, ions, and adenosine. Urine also contains biomarkers such as small molecules, nucleic acids, neurotransmitters, and drugs in trace amounts (less than 1 μM). These biomarkers are of significant importance for health care monitoring, diagnosis of various disorders (cancer, metabolic diseases, etc.) and illicit drug control (cocaine, steroids, etc.). While POC detection of urinary biomarkers at higher concentration (μM to mM) levels is feasible, direct assaying of biomarkers in nM to fM levels is challenging, as assay responses are typically masked by interferences from the urine sample matrix. This report is a consolidated review of emerging trends and challenges in the POC urinalysis for detecting biomarkers that are less abundant in urine. The sensing mechanisms, analytical device fabrication, discrete and integrated sample pre-treatment procedures for POC assaying of urinary markers in trace amounts are elaborated. Subsequently, the utilization of smart data analytics for facilitating personalized urinalysis is presented. A comprehensive outlook on associated challenges in POC urinalysis of biomarkers in trace amounts is further provided, which would facilitate the advancement of POC urinalysis for a wide range of healthcare applications.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 11
    Citation - Scopus: 12
    Colorimetric and Fluorometric Profiling of Advanced Glycation End Products
    (American Chemical Society, 2022) Ammanath, Gopal; Delachi, Carla Giorgia; Karabacak, Soner; Ali, Yusuf; Boehm, Bernhard O.; Yıldız, Ümit Hakan; Alagappan, Palaniappan; Liedberg, Bo
    Profiling of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is an emerging area of clinical significance for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Typically, concentrations of AGEs are estimated in laboratories by trained personnel using sophisticated equipment. Herein, a facile approach for colorimetric and fluorometric profiling of AGEs is reported for rapid and on-site analysis. The concentrations of AGE levels in plasma are estimated via changes in optical properties of polythiophenes (PTs) upon interaction with aptamers (Apts) in the presence and in the absence of AGEs. To validate the proposed approach, glyceraldehyde-derived AGEs (AGE class 1 [AGE1]), the biomarker associated with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, are used as a model system. Colorimetric analysis yielded linear responses for AGE1 for clinically relevant concentration ranges between 1.5 and 300 μg/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of ∼1.3 μg/mL. Subsequently, an approach utilizing PTs with four different pendant groups in conjunction with four different Apts is demonstrated for qualitative colorimetric profiling and for quantitative fluorometric profiling of up to four AGEs in clinical matrices. Principal component analysis (PCA) of fluorometric responses of AGE-spiked samples yielded distinct responses for the different AGEs tested. Thus, the proposed approach ascertains rapid profiling of spiked AGEs in plasma samples without the requirement of preanalytical processing and advanced instrumentation, thereby facilitating on-site diagnosis.