Architecture / Mimarlık
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/24
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Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Design of Demountable Reciprocal Frames With New Geometric Properties(Int. Association for Shell and Spatial Structures, 2022) Özen, Gülçin; Kiper, Gökhan; Korkmaz, KorayThis study aims to develop missing geometric knowledge for demountable reciprocal frames (RF). While designing a demountable RF, one should know the initial, in-process and final form of the RF. These processes require some specific geometric knowledge. There are some deficiencies about geometric properties in the previous studies about demountable RFs. In this study, the positions and the orientations of the nexors are found by using the Denavit-Hartenberg parameters. This information gives where the joints are placed, how they are oriented and take position according to one another. Besides, the influence of engagement length on the fan height and the base edge are analyzed. Thereby one will be able to find out how much space the RF covers with the known base edge. With the geometric knowledge obtained from this study, demountable RFs having different engagement lengths can be produced with the same nexors.Article A Novel Design Method of Deployable Semi-Regular Tessellated Surfaces With Plano-Spherical Units(Int. Association for Shell and Spatial Structures, 2022) Maral, Mesude Oraj; Korkmaz, Koray; Kiper, GökhanThe design of movable systems gives an opportunity to create transformable designs which respond to the environmental, functional, cultural, and aesthetical needs of today's architecture. This paper proposes a method for designing a family of deployable structures which can be applied to semi-regular tessellated planar surfaces such as roofs, walls, and shading devices. The generated modular approach and adaptability provides a wide usage area and various combinations for these designs. The regular convex polygon modules are designed as a network of the triangular units. The triangular unit is designed using Bennett's overconstrained plano-spherical linkage topology. The polygonal modules are assembled to each other in one-uniform semi-regular tessellations. The assembly of adjacent regular convex polygons in each tessellation is examined to find a proper solution for no collision during deployment and to properly fit a surface without any gaps or overlaps in the deployed position. The assembly method for creating 1-DoF deployable surfaces and mobility calculations for a unit, the polygonal modules, and the assemblies are computed, and motion studies are demonstrated with CAD models and exemplified for a square module for motion tests in a prototype.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 5Loop Based Classification of Planar Scissor Linkages(Springer, 2022) Kiper, Gökhan; Korkmaz, Koray; Gür, Şebnem; Yar Uncu, Müjde; Maden, Feray; Akgün, Yenal; Karagöz, CevahirScissor linkages have been used for several applications since ancient Greeks and Romans. In addition to simple scissor linkages with straight rods, linkages with angulated elements have been introduced in the last decades. In the related literature, two methods have been used to design scissor linkages, one of which is based on scissor elements, and the other is based on assembling loops. This study presents a systematic classification of scissor linkages as assemblies of rhombus, kite, dart, parallelogram and anti-parallelogram loops using frieze patterns and long-short diagonal connections. After the loops are replicated along a curve as a pattern, the linkages are obtained by selection of proper common link sections for adjacent loops. The resulting linkages are analyzed for their motions and they are classified as realizing scaling deployable, angular deployable or transformable motion. Some of the linkages obtained are novel. Totally 10 scalable deployable, 1 angular deployable and 8 transformable scissor linkages are listed. Designers in architecture and engineering can use this list of linkages as a library of scissor linkage topologies.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Çok Fonksiyonlu Form Değiştirebilir Köprü Tasarımı için İki Serbestlikli Strüktürel Mekanizma Önerisi(Gazi Üniversitesi, 2017) Gür, Şebnem; Yar, Müjde; Korkmaz, KorayHareketli köprüler ilk zamanlar korunma ihtiyacı ile tasarlanmıştır. Modern zamanlarda ise ulaşımıkolaylaştırmak için geliştirilmeye devam edilmektedir. Sabit köprülerin aksine farklı kullanım senaryolarınıdesteklemeleri sebebiyle tercih edilmektedirler. Bu yazıda mevcut hareketli köprüler kinematik özellikleriaçısından tanıtılmış, hangi kullanım seneryolarını destekledikleri ve eksik kaldıkları yönler açıklanmıştır.Daha sonra güncel bir örnek olan Rolling Bridge'de kullanılmış strüktürel mekanizmanın tasarım prensiplerden yararlanarak, tüm kullanım senaryolarını destekleyen form değiştirebilen köprü için çokdevreli ve iki serbestlikli yeni bir strüktürel mekanizma önerilmiştir. Son olarak mekanizmanın pozisyonanalizi yapılarak Microsoft Excel® ortamında gerçekleştirilen grafik sunulmuşturArticle Citation - WoS: 19Citation - Scopus: 20A Critical Review on Classification and Terminology of Scissor Structures(Int. Association for Shell and Spatial Structures, 2019) Maden, Feray; Akgün, Yenal; Kiper, Gökhan; Gür, Şebnem; Yar, Müjde; Korkmaz, KorayWhen the existing literature on the research of scissor structures is thoroughly investigated, it is seen that different researchers use different terminologies and classifications especially for the definition of the primary units and the motion type. Some of the studies define the whole geometry based on the geometric properties of the primary scissor units and the unit lines while some other studies define it according to the loops. All these studies use different names for similar elements. This article aims to review the literature on the classification and terminology of scissor structures and represent the state of art on the studies. Tables are represented showing all approaches in the literature. In addition, the article criticizes the missing points of each terminology and definition, and proposes some new terminology. In order to arrive at this aim, different definitions of the primary scissor units and motion types used in key studies in the literature are investigated thoroughly. With several examples, it is demonstrated that naming the scissor units according to the resulting motion type might be misleading and it is better to specify the motion type for the whole structure. A classification for transformation of planar curves is presented.Article Citation - WoS: 3Geometric and Kinematic Analysis of Deployable Doubly Ruled Hyperboloids(Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, 2017) Maden, Feray; Korkmaz, KorayThis paper aims to develop deployable doubly ruled hyperboloid surfaces that can be used in architectural applications. First, the study systematically analyzes the geometric principles of hyperboloids generated by the ruled surface generation method and examines the morphology to generate different types of hyperboloids. Then, a method is introduced to construct deployable doubly ruled hyperboloid surfaces. The study demonstrates that deployment behavior of the hyperboloid is directly related to joint types used at the intersection points of the bars. Based on kinematic analysis, the study establishes that deployable hyperboloids with a single degree of freedom can be constructed only by revolute and spherical joints. Finally, various hyperboloids having different number of intersections are constructed according to the proposed joint types and their deployment capabilities are discussed.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 5Design of Anti-Parallelogram Loop Assemblies(Int. Association for Shell and Spatial Structures, 2019) Gür, Şebnem; Korkmaz, Koray; Kiper, GökhanScissor mechanisms are frequently used for deployable structures and many studies have been conducted on the subject. Most of the studies consider scissor units as modules in the design process. An alternative approach is to utilize loops as the modules for design. In this paper, the design alternatives of single degree-of-freedom planar linkages comprising anti-parallelogram loops using the loop assembly method is presented. First, scissor mechanisms are reviewed. Next, the types of four-bar loops and the resulting linkages in the literature are introduced and those which are yet to be explored, anti-parallelogram being one of them, are identified. Then the loop assembly method and the examples in the literature are reviewed. As a method to form as many alternatives as possible, symmetry operations are proposed. Suitable frieze symmetry groups utilized for obtaining the assemblies are explained and the anti-parallelogram loop patterns are derived. Next, the single degree-of-freedom linkages are obtained from the loop assemblies. Finally, a selection of the resulting linkages with novel properties are presented. This study shows that loop assemblies are efficient in systematic type synthesis of scissor linkages, some types of which could not be foreseen by using units as modules.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 7A New Approach To the Generation of Retractable Plate Structures Based on One-Uniform Tessellations(The American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME), 2017) Gazi Gezgin, Aylin; Korkmaz, KorayRetractable plate structure (RPS) is a family of structures that is a set of cover plates connected by revolute joints. There exists wide range of possibilities related with these structures in architecture. Configuring the suitable shape of rigid plates that are able to be enclosed without any gaps or overlaps in both closed and open configurations and eliminating the possibility of contact between the plates during the deployment have been the most important issues in RPS design process. Many researchers have tried to find the most suitable shape by using kinematical or empirical analysis so far. This study presents a novel approach to find the suitable shape of the plates and their assembly order without any kinematical or empirical analysis. This approach is benefited from the one-uniform mathematical tessellation technique that gives the possibilities of tiling a plate using regular polygons without any gaps or overlaps. In the light of this technique, the shape of the plates is determined as regular polygons and two conditions are introduced to form RPS in which regular polygonal plates are connected by only revolute joints. It should be noted that these plates are not allowed to become overlapped during deployment and form gaps in closed configuration. Additionally, this study aims to reach a single degreeof- freedom (DoF) RPS. It presents a systematic method to convert multi-DoF RPS into single DoF RPS by using the similarity between graph theory and the duality of tessellation.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 9The Effect of Architectural Form on the Earthquake Behavior of Symmetric Rc Frame Systems(Techno Press, 2014) İnan, Tuğba; Korkmaz, Koray; Çağatay, İsmail HakkıIn this study, structural irregularities in plan, which has a considerable effect on earthquake behavior of buildings, have been investigated in detail based on Turkish Earthquake Code 2007. The study consists of six main parametric models and a total of 144 sub-models that are grouped based on RC structural systems such as frame, frame + rigid core, frame with shear wall, and frame with shear wall + rigid core. All models are designed to have both symmetrical plan geometry and regular rigidity distribution. Changes in the earthquake behavior of buildings were evaluated according to the number of storeys, number of axes and the configuration of structural elements. Many findings are obtained and assessed as a result of the analysis for each structural irregularity. The study shows that structural irregularities can be observed in completely symmetric buildings in terms of plan geometry and rigidity distribution.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 11An Investigation on Plan Geometries of Rc Buildings: With or Without Projections in Plan(Techno Press, 2012) İnan, Tuğba; Korkmaz, Koray; Çağatay, İsmail HakkıThe interaction of plan geometry and structural configuration, a determinative factor in the earthquake behavior of buildings, has become a serious issue in the building industry in Turkey due to the poor seismic performance of R/C buildings during the latest earthquake. Consequently, designing new buildings without structural irregularities against earthquake loads is proving to be more significant. This study focuses on the effects of plan geometries on earthquake performances of buildings. In that respect, structural irregularities in the plan are investigated in detail based on the Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC 2007). The study is based on five main parametric models and a total of 40 sub-models that are grouped according to their plan geometries with excessive projections such as L-shaped, H-shaped, T-shaped and U-shaped models. In addition to these, a square model without any projections is also generated. All models are designed to have the same storey gross area but with different number of storeys. Changes in the earthquake behavior of buildings were evaluated according to the number of storeys, the projection ratios and the symmetry conditions of each model. The analysis of each structural irregularity resulted in many findings, which were then assessed. The study demonstrates that the square model delivers the best earthquake performance owing to its regular plan geometry.