Alteration of Protein Localization and Intracellular Calcium Content Due To Connexin26 D50a and A88v Mutations

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Meşe, Gülistan

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Abstract

Introduction: Connexins (Cx) play essential roles in cellular homeostasis by forming gap junctions and non-junctional hemichannels. In vitro characterization of Cx26 mutations causing keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome, were shown to form leaky hemichannels. The molecular/ cellular mechanisms affected by aberrant hemichannels have recently been elucidated. Here, we further wanted to characterize Cx26 KID syndrome mutations, D50A and A88V, which were shown to form aberrant hemichannels and remained unaddressed in the literature. Methods: Neurobiotin uptake assay in HeLa and N2A cells transfected with Cx26-WT, D50A or A88V verified the presence of aberrant hemichannels and immunofluorescent staining with fluorescent microscopy determined cellular localization of Cx26. Finally, intracellular calcium content was examined by using calcium indicator, Fluo-3AM, and flow cytometer. Results: Cx26-D50A and A88V mutations prevented the formation of gap junction plaques at cell-cell appositions and mutant proteins were observed to localize to the Golgi apparatus. Further, comparison of intracellular calcium content showed an increase in calcium amount in cells containing Cx26-D50A and A88V relative to Cx26-WT. Conclusion: Retention of Cx26 in the Golgi apparatus and alteration in the intracellular calcium content due to KID syndrome mutations may influence various cellular processes that might contribute to development of epidermal phenotypes.
Connexin molekülleri (Cx) kurdukları hücrelerarası kanallar ve hücrelerarası olmayan yarı kanallar sayesinde hücre yaşamını dengelemede önemli roller üstlenirler. İn vitro analizlerle keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) sendromuyla ilişkili Cx26 mutasyonlarının düzgün kapanamayan yarı kanalların oluşmasına sebep oldukları gösterilmiştir. Bu tip anormal çalışan yarı kanalların etkilediği moleküler / hücresel mekanizmalar son zamanlarda araştırılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada amacımız, daha önce yarı kanallar yaptıkları gösterilen Cx26’da oluşan KID sendromu mutasyonlarından D50A ve A88V’nin hücre biyolojisinde yaptığı değişiklikleri incelemektir. Yöntemler: Cx26-WT, D50Y ve A88V ile transfekte edilen HeLa ve N2A hücrelerinde neurobiotin boya alım deneyleriyle anormal yarı kanalların varlığı teyit edilmiş ve floresan mikroskop ve immunoboyamasıyla Cx26’nın hücre içi lokalizayonu belirlenmiştir. Son olarak, kalsiyum belirteci, Fluo-3AM ve akış sitometresi kullanarak hücre içi kalsiyum içeriği belirlenmiştir.

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Keywords

Connexin26, Golgi apparatus, Intracellular calcium, Mutation, Keratitis-ichthyosisdeafness (KID) syndrome, Connexin26, Keratitis-ichthyosisdeafness (KID) syndrome, Golgi apparatus, Mutation, Intracellular calcium

Fields of Science

0301 basic medicine, 0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences

Citation

Aypek, H., and Meşe, G. (2017). Alteration of protein localization and intracellular calcium content due to connexin26 D50A and A88V mutations. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 42(2), 195-202. doi:10.1515/tjb-2016-0292

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42

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2

Start Page

195

End Page

202
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