Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
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Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Design and Manufacturing of a Hip Joint Motion Simulator With a Novel Modular Design Approach(Springer, 2024) Torabnia, S.; Mihçin, D.Ş.; Lazoglu, I.The study is aimed to develop a hip joint wear simulator using a modular design approach to help experimentally monitor and control critical wear parameters to validate in-silico wear models. The proper control and application of wear parameters such as the range of motion, and the applied force values while estimating the lost material due to wear are essential for thorough analysis of wear phenomena for artificial joints. The simulator's dynamics were first modeled, then dynamic loading data was used to calculate the forces, which were further used for topology optimization to reduce the forces acting on each joint. The reduction of the link weights, connected to the actuators, intends to improve the quality of motion transferred to the femoral head. The modular design approach enables topology-optimized geometry, associated gravitational and dynamic forces, resulting in a cost-effective, energy-efficient product. Moreover, this design allows integration of the subject specific data by allowing different boundary conditions following the requirements of industry 5.0. Overall, the in-vitro motion stimulations of the hip-joint prosthesis and the modular design approach used in the study might help improve the accuracy and the effectiveness of wear simulations, which could lead into the development of better and longer-lasting joint prostheses for all. The subject-specific and society-based daily life data implemented as boundary conditions enable inclusion of the personalized effects. Next, with the results of the simulator, CEN Workshop Agreement (CWA) application is intended to cover the personalized effects for previously excluded populations, providing solution to inclusive design for all. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Design and Manufacturing of a Hip Joint Motion Simulator With a Novel Modular Design Approach(Springer, 2023) Torabnia, Shams; Mihçin, Şenay; Lazoğlu, İsmailThe study is aimed to develop a hip joint wear simulator using a modular design approach to help experimentally monitor and control critical wear parameters to validate in-silico wear models. The proper control and application of wear parameters such as the range of motion, and the applied force values while estimating the lost material due to wear are essential for thorough analysis of wear phenomena for artificial joints. The simulator's dynamics were first modeled, then dynamic loading data was used to calculate the forces, which were further used for topology optimization to reduce the forces acting on each joint. The reduction of the link weights, connected to the actuators, intends to improve the quality of motion transferred to the femoral head. The modular design approach enables topology-optimized geometry, associated gravitational and dynamic forces, resulting in a cost-effective, energy-efficient product. Moreover, this design allows integration of the subject specific data by allowing different boundary conditions following the requirements of industry 5.0. Overall, the in-vitro motion stimulations of the hip-joint prosthesis and the modular design approach used in the study might help improve the accuracy and the effectiveness of wear simulations, which could lead into the development of better and longer-lasting joint prostheses for all. The subject-specific and society-based daily life data implemented as boundary conditions enable inclusion of the personalized effects. Next, with the results of the simulator, CEN Workshop Agreement (CWA) application is intended to cover the personalized effects for previously excluded populations, providing solution to inclusive design for all.Data Paper Citation - WoS: 15Citation - Scopus: 20Database Covering the Prayer Movements Which Were Not Available Previously(Nature Publishing Group, 2023) Mihçin, Şenay; Şahin, Ahmet Mert; Yılmaz, Mehmet; Alpkaya, Alican Tuncay; Tuna, Merve; Akdeniz, Sevinç; Can, Nuray Korkmaz; Tosun, Aliye; Şahin, SerapLower body implants are designed according to the boundary conditions of gait data and tested against. However, due to diversity in cultural backgrounds, religious rituals might cause different ranges of motion and different loading patterns. Especially in the Eastern part of the world, diverse Activities of Daily Living (ADL) consist of salat, yoga rituals, and different style sitting postures. A database covering these diverse activities of the Eastern world is non-existent. This study focuses on data collection protocol and the creation of an online database of previously excluded ADL activities, targeting 200 healthy subjects via Qualisys and IMU motion capture systems, and force plates, from West and Middle East Asian populations with a special focus on the lower body joints. The current version of the database covers 50 volunteers for 13 different activities. The tasks are defined and listed in a table to create a database to search based on age, gender, BMI, type of activity, and motion capture system. The collected data is to be used for designing implants to allow these sorts of activities to be performed.Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 10The Computational Approach To Predicting Wear: Comparison of Wear Performance of Cfr-Peek and Xlpe Liners in Total Hip Replacement(Taylor & Francis, 2022) Alpkaya, Alican Tuncay; Mihçin, ŞenayWear on articulating bearing surfaces is a key factor causing revision in total hip replacement (THR). Wear debris that releases particles from bearing surfaces might result in adverse soft tissue reactions requiring revision surgeries. In this study, a comprehensive computational wear model based on the Archard wear equation was performed to investigate the wear performance under a three-dimensional (3D) physiological gait cycle, mimicking a normal walking condition (5 million cycles). The study shows that the accuracy of the model is highly dependent on the mesh convergence, the wear fraction, and the scaling factor. The simulations were run to provide a vast amount of detail for the reproducibility of the work. Cobalt chromium (CoCr) on cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and CoCr on carbon-fiber-reinforced polyether ether ketone (CFR-PEEK) prototype models were created in silico. The volumetric wear rates for CoCr-on-XLPE were calculated as 0.2989 (Formula presented.) for CoCr head and 21.0271 (Formula presented.) for XLPE liner, while for CoCr-on-CFR-PEEK they were 0.3484 (Formula presented.) for CoCr head and 1.8476 (Formula presented.) for CFR-PEEK liner. When compared to in vivo and in vitro studies, the wear patterns of these two prototypes are consistent with those of the conventional polyethylene liners in the literature. Although the volumetric wear rate of the CFR-PEEK liner is about 11 times lower than the counterpart of XLPE in MoP implants, the wear rate of CoCr was higher when compared to its use with XLPE. Therefore, CFR-PEEK articulating against orthopa\edic metals may not be as good an alternative as XLPE, due to higher indicative metallic wear. This detailed computational wear modeling methodology could be utilized in design improvements of implants.Conference Object Development of a Force Sensor for Biomechanical Simulations of a Cycling Activity(IEEE, 2022) Karacaoğlu, Bilal; Şahin, Ahmet Mert; Çıklaçandır, Samet; Yılmaz, Mehmet; Mihçin, ŞenayKnowing the forces applied to the pedals during a cycling activity is of great importance in the field of biomechanics when calculating the loads acting on the joints. A load cell-based force sensor was designed for this purpose since the force plate fixed to the floor in gait laboratories cannot be used to measure the reaction forces on the bicycle pedal due to physical constraints. To investigate the accuracy and precision of the force plate, a two-stage experiment, static and dynamic force measurement tests were designed. First, the first static measurements were carried out with standard loads of 1000 g, 1200 g, 1500 g. To understand the behavior of the sensors under dynamic loading, dynamic measurements were conducted while the designed force sensor is attached to the bike pedal while using a commercially available power meter simultaneously to cross-validate the measured forces. Standard loads of 1000 g, 1200 g, and 1500 g were measured as 1020 ± 2 g, 1196 ± 2 g, and 1512 ± 1 g respectively. To assess the agreement between measurements Bland-Altman plot analysis was carried out. The Bland-Altman plots showed that the force platform is appropriate for both measuring static loads and dynamic loads. The collected data via this custom-made, affordable force sensor was successfully fed into the biomechanical modeling software to calculate the joint reaction forces.Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 18Finite Element Study of Peek Materials Applied in Post-Retained Restorations(MDPI, 2022) Yu, Hao; Feng, Zhihong; Wang, Ling; Mihçin, Şenay; Kang, Jianfeng; Bai, Shizhu; Zhao, YiminBackground: This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical behaviors of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and traditional materials (titanium and fiber) when used to restore tooth defects in the form of prefabricated post or customized post via computational modelling. Methods: First, the prototype of natural tooth, and the prototypes of prefabricated post and customized post were established, respectively, whilst the residual root was restored with dentin ferrule using reverse engineering methods. Then, the stress and strain of CFR-PEEK (PEEK reinforced by 30% carbon fiber) and pure PEEK (PEEK without any reprocessing) post were compared with those made in traditional materials using the three-dimensional finite element method. Results: From the stress point of view, compared with metal and fiber posts, CFR-PEEK and pure PEEK prefabricated post both demonstrated reduced post-core interface stress, post stress, post-root cement stress and root cement stress; moreover, CFR-PEEK and pure PEEK customized post demonstrated reduced post stress, post-root cement stress and root cement stress, while the strain of CFR-PEEK post was the closest to that of dentin. Conclusions: Compared with the traditional posts, both the CFR-PEEK and pure PEEK posts could reduce the risk of debonding and vertical root fracture, whether they were used as prefabricated posts or customized posts, but the biomechanical behavior of carbon fiber-reinforced CFR-PEEK restorations was the closest to dentin, no matter if they were used as prefabricated post or customized post. Therefore, the CFR-PEEK post could be more suitable to restore massive tooth defects. Pure PEEK needs filler reinforcement to be used for post-retained restoration.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 8Detailed Investigation of Three-Dimensional Modeling and Printing Technologies From Medical Images To Analyze Femoral Head Fractures Using Finite Element Analysis(Elsevier, 2022) Çıklacandır, Samet; Mihçin, Şenay; İşler, YalçınObjectives: One of the fields, where additive manufacturing has numerous applications, is biomedical engineering. 3D printing is preferred over traditional manufacturing methodologies, mostly while developing subject-specific implants and medical devices. This study aims to provide a process flow detailing all the stages starting from the acquisition of radiological images from different imaging modalities; such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to the printing of the bone morphology and finite element analysis; including the validation process. Materials & Methods: First, the CT scan of a lower abdomen area of a patient was converted into a 3D image using interactive medical imaging control system software. The segmentation process was applied to isolate the femoral head from the soft tissue and the pelvic bone. After the roughness errors and the gaps in the segments were removed using the 3Matic software, the file was converted to stereolithography (STL) file format to transfer to the 3D printer. The printing process was carried out via commercial powder-based Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) printer. The subject-specific femoral head model was formed in 3D. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the femoral head was performed using a commercial FE software package. Results: The results show that experimental analysis and the CT scan-based FEA were compatible both for the stress distributions and the strain values as predicted by the models (R2=0.99). The deviation was calculated as approximately 12% between the experimental results and the Finite Element (FE) results. In addition, it was observed that the SLS technique produced useful results for modeling biomedical tissues with about 24x faster prototyping time. Conclusion: The prescribed process flow could be utilized in clinical settings for the pre-planning of the surgeries (≈428 minutes for femoral head) and also as an educational tool in the biomedical engineering field.Article Citation - WoS: 22Citation - Scopus: 22Simultaneous Validation of Wearable Motion Capture System for Lower Body Applications: Over Single Plane Range of Motion (rom) and Gait Activities(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2022) Mihçin, ŞenayExtracting data from {Zhu, 2019 #5} daily life activities is important in biomechanical applications to define exact boundary conditions for the intended use-based applications. Although optoelectronic camera-marker based systems are used as gold standard tools for medical applications, due to line-of-sight problem, there is a need for wearable, affordable motion capture (MOCAP) systems. We investigate the potential use of a wearable inertial measurement unit (IMU) based-wearable MOCAP system for biomechanical applications. The in vitro proof of concept is provided for the full lower body consisting of hip, knee, and ankle joints via controlled single-plane anatomical range of motion (ROM) simulations using an electrical motor, while collecting data simultaneously via opto-electronic markers and IMU sensors. On 15 healthy volunteers the flexion-extension, abduction-Adduction, internal-external rotation (ROM) values of hip and, the flexion-extension ROM values of the knee and ankle joints are calculated for both systems. The Bland-Altman graphs showed promising agreement both for in vitro and in vivo experiments. The maximum Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) between the systems in vitro was 3.4° for hip and 5.9° for knee flexion motion in vivo, respectively. The gait data of the volunteers were assessed between the heel strike and toe off events to investigate the limits of agreement, calculating the population averages and standard deviation for both systems over the gait cycle. The maximum difference was for the ankle joint <6°. The results show that proposed system could be an option as an affordable-democratic solution.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 6Towards Integration of the Finite Element Modeling Technique Into Biomedical Engineering Education(World Scientific Publishing, 2022) Mihçin, Şenay; Çıklaçandır, SametBiomedical engineering (BME) is a multidisciplinary field, resulting in a heavy course load from different fields. We hypothesize that the engineering curriculum be tailored according to the requirements of the BME profession. In this study, we focus on the teaching of the finite element modeling (FEM) technique by redesigning the course to address the needs of the BME profession by some custom-made changes to meet the unmet needs. After the completion of the course, evaluation methods of the students were analyzed and detailed over a survey providing feedback from the students. The surveys were related to the teaching the theory of FEM, the laboratory sessions, and the project sessions. The survey results were evaluated using statistical methods. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a linear agreement between theoretical and practical sessions indicating efficient blending of skills because of the custom-made changes. The survey analysis showed that the students were in favour of the changes, allowing them to be more resourceful and confident with their skills. The positive results indicate a positive attitude among the students towards their profession. As the course design addresses the needs of the profession allowing students to fit in better, the students might follow their own profession after graduation. A wider follow-up study might be planned next to compare the results between who received tailor-designed courses and those who did not.Article Citation - WoS: 21Citation - Scopus: 23Wearable Motion Capture System Evaluation for Biomechanical Studies for Hip Joints(ASME, 2021) Mihçin, Şenay; Çıklaçandır, Samet; Koçak, Mertcan; Tosun, AliyeHuman motion capture (MOCAP) systems are vital while determining the loads occurring at the joints. Most of the clinical MOCAP systems are very costly, requiring investment and infrastructure. Therefore, alternative technologies are in demand. In this study, a novel markerless wearable MOCAP system was assessed for its compatibility with a biomechanical modeling software. To collect evidence, experiments were designed in two stages for quantifying the range of motion (ROM) of the hip joint, in vitro and in vivo. Three constrained single-plane motions-abduction/adduction, flexion/extension, and internal/external rotation movements of the active leg-were analyzed. The data were collected from 14 healthy volunteers, using the wearable system and a medical grade optoelectronic MOCAP system simultaneously and compared against. For the in vitro study, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) for the abduction/adduction motion of the hip joint was calculated as 0.11deg/0.30deg and 0.11deg/0.09deg, respectively, for the wearable and the opto-electronic system. The in vivo Bland-Altman plots showed that the two system data are comparable. The simulation software is found compatible to run the simulations in offline mode. The wearable system could be utilized in the field of biomechanics software for running the kinetic simulations. The results demonstrated that the wearable system could be an alternative in the field of biomechanics based on the evidence collected.