Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Dönemi Izmir Konutu: Yerellik ve Melezlik
Loading...
Files
Date
2011
Authors
Çıkış, Şeniz
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Middle East Technical University
Open Access Color
GOLD
Green Open Access
Yes
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Publicly Funded
No
Abstract
Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Hareketi ilk kez Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun
son döneminde biçimlenmiş, Cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra da devletin
kurucuları tarafından tercih edilmişti. Daha çok resmi yapılardan
tanıdığımız bu üslup 1930 yılı sonrasında hızla gözden düşerek yerini
başka mimari yaklaşımlara bırakmıştı. Modern Mimarlık Tarihi yazını
tarafından tanımlanması ise çok sonralara 1970’li yıllara rastlamıştı.
Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Hareketi bu yazında ulus-devlet deneyimi ve
onun ideolojik çerçevesinde kurgulanmıştı. Kuramsal altyapı ile mimari
biçim sıkıca ilişkilendirilmiş, geçerliliğini uzunca bir süre koruyacak
olan açıklayıcı bir model geliştirilmişti. Bu nedenle yani kuram ve biçim
arasında kurulan güçlü bağlantılar nedeni ile Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık
Hareketinin repertuarı kısıtlı kalmış, pek çok önemli yapı ve yapı grubu
kimi görsel nitelikleri taşımadığı için değerlendirmeye tabi tutulamamıştı.
The First National Style in Turkish Architecture was formulated during the last decades of the Ottoman Empire, and was the preferred style for the founders of the Turkish Republic in the construction of Ankara as the new capital city. In the historiography of Modern Turkish Architecture, architecture during the Early Republican Era is assumed to have anatopic characteristics. The canonic repertoire of this movement is also produced parallel to this idea. However, housing stock of İzmir constructed during the same period shows peculiarities opposite to this view. The houses that are taken into consideration in this article contain some local, traditional and conventional features. They are not only formed under the influence of ideological and political influences, but also influenced from their very own contexts. In other words, as hybrid and local samples of the First National Architecture, they were built under influence of the dominant ideological and political atmosphere of the country. Besides presentation of the houses which exhibit influence of the First National Architectural movement, this article searches for formal origins of these houses. A classification, listing most of the existing buildings remaining from the era is prepared, taking into consideration their plan and façade organization, tectonic articulation and building components. Depending on these considerations, three categories of houses has been defined, which are named as ‘under the influence of Orientalism’, ‘under the influence of the Nineteenth Century İzmir House’, and ‘under the influenced of the Center’. The study also provides a visual documentation of these houses including plans of some typical cases.
The First National Style in Turkish Architecture was formulated during the last decades of the Ottoman Empire, and was the preferred style for the founders of the Turkish Republic in the construction of Ankara as the new capital city. In the historiography of Modern Turkish Architecture, architecture during the Early Republican Era is assumed to have anatopic characteristics. The canonic repertoire of this movement is also produced parallel to this idea. However, housing stock of İzmir constructed during the same period shows peculiarities opposite to this view. The houses that are taken into consideration in this article contain some local, traditional and conventional features. They are not only formed under the influence of ideological and political influences, but also influenced from their very own contexts. In other words, as hybrid and local samples of the First National Architecture, they were built under influence of the dominant ideological and political atmosphere of the country. Besides presentation of the houses which exhibit influence of the First National Architectural movement, this article searches for formal origins of these houses. A classification, listing most of the existing buildings remaining from the era is prepared, taking into consideration their plan and façade organization, tectonic articulation and building components. Depending on these considerations, three categories of houses has been defined, which are named as ‘under the influence of Orientalism’, ‘under the influence of the Nineteenth Century İzmir House’, and ‘under the influenced of the Center’. The study also provides a visual documentation of these houses including plans of some typical cases.
Description
Keywords
Architecture and hybridity, First national movement, Houses under the Influence of First National Architecture, İzmir houses, İzmir houses, Architecture and hybridity, Houses under the Influence of First National Architecture, First national movement
Fields of Science
Citation
Çıkış, Ş. (2011). Birinci ulusal mimarlık dönemi İzmir konutu: Yerellik ve melezlik. Metu Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 28(2), 45-62. doi:10.4305/METU.JFA.2011.2.2
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Q3

OpenCitations Citation Count
3
Source
METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture
Volume
28
Issue
2
Start Page
45
End Page
62
PlumX Metrics
Citations
CrossRef : 3
Scopus : 4
Captures
Mendeley Readers : 15
SCOPUS™ Citations
4
checked on Apr 27, 2026
Page Views
1173
checked on Apr 27, 2026
Downloads
1363
checked on Apr 27, 2026
Google Scholar™


