Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Dönemi Izmir Konutu: Yerellik ve Melezlik

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Date

2011

Authors

Çıkış, Şeniz

Journal Title

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Volume Title

Publisher

Middle East Technical University

Open Access Color

GOLD

Green Open Access

Yes

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No
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Top 10%
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Abstract

Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Hareketi ilk kez Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun son döneminde biçimlenmiş, Cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra da devletin kurucuları tarafından tercih edilmişti. Daha çok resmi yapılardan tanıdığımız bu üslup 1930 yılı sonrasında hızla gözden düşerek yerini başka mimari yaklaşımlara bırakmıştı. Modern Mimarlık Tarihi yazını tarafından tanımlanması ise çok sonralara 1970’li yıllara rastlamıştı. Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Hareketi bu yazında ulus-devlet deneyimi ve onun ideolojik çerçevesinde kurgulanmıştı. Kuramsal altyapı ile mimari biçim sıkıca ilişkilendirilmiş, geçerliliğini uzunca bir süre koruyacak olan açıklayıcı bir model geliştirilmişti. Bu nedenle yani kuram ve biçim arasında kurulan güçlü bağlantılar nedeni ile Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Hareketinin repertuarı kısıtlı kalmış, pek çok önemli yapı ve yapı grubu kimi görsel nitelikleri taşımadığı için değerlendirmeye tabi tutulamamıştı.
The First National Style in Turkish Architecture was formulated during the last decades of the Ottoman Empire, and was the preferred style for the founders of the Turkish Republic in the construction of Ankara as the new capital city. In the historiography of Modern Turkish Architecture, architecture during the Early Republican Era is assumed to have anatopic characteristics. The canonic repertoire of this movement is also produced parallel to this idea. However, housing stock of İzmir constructed during the same period shows peculiarities opposite to this view. The houses that are taken into consideration in this article contain some local, traditional and conventional features. They are not only formed under the influence of ideological and political influences, but also influenced from their very own contexts. In other words, as hybrid and local samples of the First National Architecture, they were built under influence of the dominant ideological and political atmosphere of the country. Besides presentation of the houses which exhibit influence of the First National Architectural movement, this article searches for formal origins of these houses. A classification, listing most of the existing buildings remaining from the era is prepared, taking into consideration their plan and façade organization, tectonic articulation and building components. Depending on these considerations, three categories of houses has been defined, which are named as ‘under the influence of Orientalism’, ‘under the influence of the Nineteenth Century İzmir House’, and ‘under the influenced of the Center’. The study also provides a visual documentation of these houses including plans of some typical cases.

Description

Keywords

Architecture and hybridity, First national movement, Houses under the Influence of First National Architecture, İzmir houses, İzmir houses, Architecture and hybridity, Houses under the Influence of First National Architecture, First national movement

Fields of Science

Citation

Çıkış, Ş. (2011). Birinci ulusal mimarlık dönemi İzmir konutu: Yerellik ve melezlik. Metu Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 28(2), 45-62. doi:10.4305/METU.JFA.2011.2.2

WoS Q

Scopus Q

Q3
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OpenCitations Citation Count
3

Source

METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture

Volume

28

Issue

2

Start Page

45

End Page

62
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CrossRef : 3

Scopus : 4

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Mendeley Readers : 15

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4

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Page Views

1173

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Downloads

1363

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